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. 2014 May 2;15:35. doi: 10.1186/1472-6939-15-35

Table 2.

Opinions of researchers from various Ethiopian institutions on the consent processes and development of REA, September, 2012 (n = 241)

Variables Frequency %
How is consent form developed in your experience? (multiple responses)
 
 
By the investigator
142
58.9
With prior ethical assessment
70
29.0
With stakeholder participation/consultation
41
17.0
By the sponsor
17
7.1
Others (research advisors, collaborators, students)
13
5.2
Opinions on consent process
 
 
Do you think all participants understand consent forms well?
 
 
Yes
97
40.2
No
144
59.8
Based on your experiences, are you satisfied with the way the consent process was designed and conducted? (Y/N)
 
 
Yes
37
15.4
No
204
84.6
Do you think that the best interest of study participants is taken in to consideration and adequately addressed through the current ethical appraisal and consent processes?
 
 
Yes
35
14.5
No
206
85.5
Based on your experiences, what do you think are the most common problems in the current consent process?
 
 
Lack of clarity
116
48.1
Inadequate information
82
34
Language
68
28.2
Cultural difference
66
27.4
Undue expectations
64
26.6
Power imbalance
50
20.7
Coercion
19
7.9
Others
11
4.6
Ethical Pre–assessment for Consent Process
 
 
Do you think it is important to contextualize consent forms and consent processes to local settings?
 
 
Yes
230
95.4
No
11
4.6
Do you agree with the idea of the study participant be approached in advance before the start of the study to get input for the development of the consent form and to find out how it should be administered?
 
 
Yes
196
81.3
No
45
18.7
Do you think that study participants should be involved, in the development of consent forms and designing of the consent process so as to make it culture and setting sensitive?
 
 
Yes
171
71
No
70
29
In your opinion, would REA serve adequately addressing the consent process issues and in making sure that ethical issues are very well addressed in a research process?
 
 
Yes
95
39.4
No
146
60.6
From your experiences, is there any initiative so far; is there any initiative that involves the study participants in the development and design of consent information sheet and consent process?
 
 
Yes
29
12
No 212 88