Table 2.
Risk factors and RRI > 0.7.
| Global population | Cardiothoracic population | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRI < 0.7 | RRI > 0.7 | P | RRI < 0.7 | RRI > 0.7 | P | |
| N | 145 | 60 | 80 | 42 | ||
| Male (n) | 101 (69.66%) | 38 (63.33%) | 0.378 | 57 (71.25%) | 29 (69.05%) | 0.800 |
| Age (years) | 60 ± 15 | 65 ± 13 | 0.045 | 60 ± 17 | 62 ± 13 | 0.388 |
| BMI (Kg/m2 body surface area) | 25.0 ± 3.9 | 26.4 ± 3.8 | 0.020 | 25.4 ± 4.1 | 26.7 ± 4.1 | 0.092 |
| ASA (3-4) | 65 (44.83%) | 37 (61.67%) | 0.028 | 48 (60.00%) | 28 (66.67%) | 0.470 |
| Smoking (n) | 62 (42.76%) | 36 (60.00%) | 0.025 | 32 (40.00%) | 26 (61.90%) | 0.021 |
| Diabetes (n) | 13 (8.97%) | 13 (27.67%) | 0.020 | 7 (8.75%) | 6 (14.29%) | 0.367 |
| Hypertension (n) | 65 (44.83%) | 35 (58.33%) | 0.078 | 35 (43.75%) | 23 (57.76%) | 0.247 |
| COPD (n) | 28 (19.31%) | 15 (25.00%) | 0.363 | 14 (17.50%) | 7 (16.67%) | 1.000 |
| Myocardiopathy (n) | 61 (42.07%) | 33 (55.00%) | 0.091 | 41 (51.25%) | 23 (54.76%) | 0.712 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.90 ± 0.38 | 1.08 ± 0.60 | 0.005 | 0.96 ± 0.49 | 1.17 ± 0.69 | 0.029 |
| EF (%) | 56 ± 8 | 53 ± 8 | 0.127 | 56 ± 9 | 53 ± 9 | 0.149 |
| EDV (mL) | 151 ± 21 | 133 ± 35 | 0.049 | 156 ± 9 | 138 ± 34 | 0.124 |
| Urine albumin (n) | 8 (5.52%) | 8 (13.33%) | 0.083 | 5 (6.25%) | 5 (11.90%) | 0.310 |
| Systolic arterial pressure (SAP) mmHg | 130 ± 18 | 131 ± 21 | 0.813 | 129 ± 17 | 125 ± 17 | 0.274 |
| Diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) mmHg | 73 ± 11 | 71 ± 12 | 0.164 | 73 ± 10 | 69 ± 11 | 0.013 |
| Mean arterial pressure (MAP) mmHg | 89 ± 15 | 87 ± 17 | 0.204 | 87 ± 14 | 82 ± 13 | 0.058 |
| Heart Rate (bpm) | 76 ± 13 | 74 ± 12 | 0.518 | 76 ± 12 | 75 ± 11 | 0.744 |
| Haematocrit (%) | 39.9 ± 5.2 | 37.8 ± 5.7 | 0.030 | 40 ± 5 | 37 ± 6 | 0.014 |
| Surgical APGAR score (points) | 7 (1–10) | 7 (1–10) | 0.520 | 6 (1–10) | 6.5 (1–10) | 0.913 |
Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded when patients arrived in operative room but before any drug administration.
Surgical Apgar Score was calculated at the end of operation as it considers three items that have to be recorded after surgery completion.