Figure 3.

EAV nsp1 inhibits both IRF-3 and NF-κB pathways. HEK293T cells were cotransfected with reporter plasmid of (a) p55-CIB-Luc and (b) NF-κB-Luc and a plasmid that constitutively expresses Renilla luciferase and plasmids expressing EAV nsps or the indicated control plasmids. Cells were infected with Sendai virus (SeV) at 24  hours post transfection. Cells were harvested and analyzed for firefly and Renilla luciferase. Data were normalized using the Renilla luciferase values. Data are averages ± standard deviation for three experiments. (c) Cytotoxicity test of EAV nsp1 on HEK293T cells. Graph shows the results (mean and SD) of a representative quadruplicate experiment. Relative luciferase (RLU) activity is defined as a ratio of firefly luciferase reporter activity to Renilla luciferase activity.