Table 1.
The human chemokine system.
| Chemokine receptor | Chemokines | Receptor expression in | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leukocytes | Epithelium | Endothelium | ||
| CXCR1 | CXCL6, 8 | PMN | + | − |
| CXCR2 | CXCL1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 | PMN | + | + |
| CXCR3 | CXCL4, 9, 10, 11 | Th1, NK | − | + |
| CXCR4 | CXCL12 | Widespread | + | + |
| CXCR5 | CXCL13 | B | − | − |
| CXCR6 | CXCL16 | Activated T | + | − |
| CXCR7 (ACKR3) | CXCL12, CXCL11 | Widespread | + | + |
| Unknown | CXCL14 (acts on monocytes) | |||
| CCR1 | CCL3, 4, 5, 7, 14, 15, 16, 23 | Mo, Mϕ, iDC, NK | + | + |
| CCR2 | CCL2, 7, 8, 12, 13 | Mo, Mϕ, iDC, NK activated T, B |
+ | + |
| CCR3 | CCL5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 24, 26, 28 | Eo, Ba, Th2 | − | + |
| CCR4 | CCL2, 3, 5, 17, 22 | iDC, Th2, NK, T, Mϕ | − | − |
| CCR5 | CCL3, 4, 5, 8 | Mo, Mϕ, NK, Th1 activated T |
+ | − |
| CCR6 | CCL20 | iDC, activated T, B | + | − |
| CCR7 | CCL19, 21 | mDC, Mϕ, naïve T activated T |
+ | − |
| CCR8 | CCL1, 4, 17 | Mo, iDC, Th2, Treg | − | − |
| CCR9 | CCL25 | T | + | − |
| CCR10 | CCL27, 28 | Activated T, Treg | + | − |
| Unknown | CCL18 (acts on mDC and naïve T) | |||
| CX3CR1 | CX3CL1 | Mo, iDC, NK, Th1 | + | − |
| XCR1 | XCL1, 2 | T, NK | − | − |
| Miscellaneous | Scavenger receptors for chemokines | |||
| Duffy antigen (ACKR1) | CCL2, 5, 11, 13, 14 | |||
| CXCL1, 2, 3, 7, 8 | ||||
| D6 (ACKR2) | CCL2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12 | |||
| CCL13, 14, 17, 22 | ||||
| CCRRL1 (ACKR4) | CCL19, CCL21, CCL25 | |||
Leukocyte anonyms are as follows. Ba: basophil, Eo: eosinophil, iDC: immature dendritic cell, mDC: mature dendritic cell, Mo: monocyte, Mϕ: macrophage, NK: natural killer cell, Th1: type I helper T cell, Th2: type II helper T cell, and Treg: regulatory T cell.