Table 4.
Macro and micro-nutrient intake (estimated) of Indian migration study population in comparison to RDA
|
Macro–micro nutrient |
Vegetarians (V) |
Non-vegetarians (NV) |
% below RDA# |
RDA |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Median; IQR) | (n = 2148) | (n = 4407) | V | NV | Men | Women |
|
Energy kcal/day |
2712.2 (2235.8-3321.7) |
2728.8 (2156.5-3433.3) |
38.7 |
40.5 |
2730 (for moderate work) |
2230 (for moderate work) |
|
Protein g/day |
76.1 (60.8-92.8) |
78.1* (59.9-97.7) |
19.8 |
22.5* |
60.0 |
55.0 |
|
Carbohydrate g/day |
431.5 (351.8 to 526.4) |
426.0 (340.3 to 533.5) |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Fibre g/day |
13.7 (10.7-17.3) |
12.8** (9.3-17.0) |
86.7 |
87.0 |
20.0 |
20.0 |
|
Total fat g/day |
74.2 (58.9-95.7) |
75.9 (57.5-101.1) |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Sat fat g/day |
22.9 (17.1-29.9) |
22.0** (15.9-30.1) |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
MUFA g/day |
23.8 (16.9-31.9) |
22.1** (15.8-30.3) |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
PUFA g/day |
18.6 (12.4-29.7) |
23.1** (14.7-34.1) |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Iron mg/day |
25.5 (19.2-32.5) |
22.4** (15.6-30.9) |
23.2 |
36.4** |
17.0 |
21.0 |
|
Calcium mg/day |
980.6 (751.0-1247.1) |
946.5** (692.9-1253.1) |
12.5 |
16.8** |
600.0 |
600.0 |
|
Zinc mg/day |
11.6 (8.9-14.5) |
11.6 (8.8-14.9) |
43.2 |
45.4 |
12.0 |
10.0 |
|
Vitamin C mg/day |
142.7 (100.7-200.5) |
136.9** (92.3-197.4) |
0.8 |
2.0** |
40.0 |
40.0 |
|
Vitamin B12 mcg/day |
1.2 (0.8-1.8) |
2.2** (1.3-3.6) |
35.1 |
12.6** |
1.0 |
1.0 |
| Folate mcg/day | 355.6 (279.4-436.3) | 327.2** (247.0-419.4) | 6.6 | 13** | 200.0 | 200.0 |
**p < 0.01; *p < 0.05; NA - Not Applicable.
Wilcoxon Rank Sum non-parametric test for continuous data and Chi-square test for categorical data.
#% below RDA is a single variable which includes RDA for men and women separately wherever required.