TABLE 1—
Values Used in the Markov Model Evaluating Safe Routes to School (SRTS) in New York City vs the Status Quo
| Variable | Base | High | Low |
| Injury risks | |||
| Increase in active transport, SRTS, % | 10 | 12 | 8 |
| Total pedestrians at risk, no. | |||
| School-aged children (5-19 y) | 40 525 | . . . | . . . |
| Adults using intersection | 181 148 | . . . | . . . |
| Annual probability of pedestrian injury, SRTS intersection | |||
| School-aged children (5-19 y) | 0.0008 | 0.023 | 0.0004 |
| Adults using intersection | 0.002 | 0.014 | 0.0003 |
| Risk ratio, injury, SRTS intersection | |||
| School-aged children (5-19 y) | 0.67 | 0.83 | 0.35 |
| Adults using intersection | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.84 |
| Probability of hospitalization | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.08 |
| Case fatality ratio | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.0007 |
| Health-related quality of life,a injured | 0.95 | 1 | 0.9 |
| Cost inputs | |||
| Total program cost (NYC), $ | 10 298 000 | . . . | . . . |
| Per capita program cost (NYC), $ | |||
| School-aged children (5-19 y) | 254 | . . . | . . . |
| Adults using intersection | 57 | . . . | . . . |
| Injury cost, $ | |||
| Hospitalized | 50 832 | 60 998 | 40 666 |
| Not hospitalized | 1170 | 1404 | 936 |
| Totalb | 7129 | 11 139 | 4114 |
| Death cost, $ | |||
| Project year 1 | 6351 | 7621 | 5081 |
| At end of life/school-aged children | 930 | 1116 | 744 |
| 3 y of bus transit cost, $ | 2016 | . . . | . . . |
| Mean user age | |||
| School-aged children, y | 10 | . . . | . . . |
| Adults using intersection, y | 35 | . . . | . . . |
Note. NYC = New York City.
a
The health-related quality of life score is scaled 0 to 1, with 1 representing perfect health.
b
Does not include lost productivity and leisure time, which is assumed to be captured in the health-related quality of life score.