Fig. 4.

ATM and ATR activation by TVX in RAW cells. (A) RAW cells were exposed to VEH or TVX (100 μM) for 1 or 2 hours. pATM/ATR substrate motif was assessed in isolated protein extracts by Western analysis, and signal was densitized and normalized to lamin B1. (B) RAW cells were exposed to VEH or TVX (100 μM) and to ATM inhibitor KU55933 (1 μM), ATR inhibitor NU6027 (10 μM), or their dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO; 0.05%) vehicle for 1 hour. pATM/ATR substrate motif was assessed in isolated protein extracts by Western analysis and normalized to lamin B1. Blots are representative from a minimum of n = 3. ^aSignificantly different from VEH, P < 0.05.