Table 3.

Summary of fixed effects for final models of stress hormone trajectories.

Effect	Estimate	P-value	95% Confidence interval
Cortisol
Intercept	2.211	<0.001	(1.911, 2.510)
Linear	0.031	0.243	(−0.021, 0.084)
CES-D	−0.023	0.002	(−0.038, −0.008)
CES-D×Linear	0.003	0.002	(0.001, 0.005)
ACTH
Intercept	3.010	<0.001	(2.465, 3.554)
Linear	−0.078	0.407	(−0.262, 0.107)
Quadratic	0.004	0.633	(−0.013, 0.021)
CES-D	−0.011	0.361	(−0.034, 0.012)
CES-D×Linear	0.005	0.211	(−0.003, 0.012)
CES-D×Quadratic	−0.0003	0.341	(−0.001, 0.0003)
Epinephrine
Intercept	3.389	<0.001	(2.984, 3.795)
Linear	−0.047	0.198	(−0.118, 0.024)
CES-D	0.003	0.778	(−0.018, 0.024)
CES-D×Linear	−0.002	0.065	(−0.005, 0.0001)
Norepinephrine
Intercept	5.486	<0.001	(5.186, 5.787)
Linear	0.071	0.007	(0.019, 0.122)
CES-D	−0.004	0.569	(−0.020, 0.011)
CES-D×Linear	−0.0002	0.797	(−0.002, 0.002)

The parameter estimates were calculated using hierarchical linear modeling and maximum likelihood estimation.

Outcomes are the natural log of the stress hormone and values reported in the table are for the original models of the transformed outcomes. Significant effects of depressive symptoms were back-transformed into the original units and are reported in the text. Controls are not shown for clarity. The linear term refers to monthly changes since the baseline assessment. CES-D=Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.