Table 2.
Nutrition data of study patients
|
Number of patients |
Total |
|---|---|
| n = 2,270 | |
| Nutritional prescription |
|
| Mean energy, kcal/day (SD) |
1,757.7 (352.1) |
| Mean energy, kcal/kg/day (SD) |
23.9 (5.7) |
| Mean protein, gram/day (SD) |
88.2 (24.7) |
| Mean protein, gram/kg/day (SD) |
1.2 (0.3) |
| Nutrition received |
|
| Mean energy, kcal/day (SD) |
1,056.9 (480.5) |
| Mean energy, kcal/kg/day (SD) |
14.5 (7.2) |
| Adequacy of calories from nutrition therapy, % (SD) |
60.8 (26.3) |
| Mean protein, gram/day (SD) |
48.9 (24.3) |
| Mean protein, gram/kg/day (SD) |
0.7 (0.3) |
| Adequacy of protein from nutrition therapy, % (SD) |
57.0 (26.6) |
| Number of patients on nutrition therapy, n (%) |
|
| EN only |
2,204 (97.1) |
| None |
66 (2.9) |
| Hours to initiation of EN mean (SD) |
26.6 (26.4) |
| Mean morning blood glucose (mmol/l) (SD) |
7.9 (1.9) |
| Head of elevation |
32.7 (9.9) |
| Motility agent use in patients with EN intolerance*, n (%) |
307 (68.1) |
| Small bowel feeding in patients with EN intolerance*, n (%) |
57 (12.6) |
| EN formula, n (%) |
|
| Arginine-enriched formula |
79 (3.5) |
| Fish oil-enriched formula |
143 (6.3) |
| Glutamine-enriched formula |
5 (0.2) |
| Polymeric formula |
1,976 (87.1) |
| Body weight used in calculation of nutrition prescription, n (%) |
|
| Actual body weight |
1,144 (50.4) |
| IBW based on Hamwi formula |
117 (5.2) |
| IBW based on BMI 20–25 kg/m2 |
254 (11.2) |
| Other |
691 (30.4) |
| No weight used in calculation |
18 (0.8) |
| Missing |
46 (2.0) |
| Method used to calculate energy requirements#, n (%) |
|
| Indirect calorimetry |
13 (0.6) |
| Harris-Benedict equation |
259 (11.4) |
| Weight-based formula |
1,220 (53.7) |
| Other§ |
854 (37.6) |
| None | 8 (0.4) |
*Among 451 patients who were ever on EN and ever had feeds interrupted due to high gastric residual volumes; #sum of patient numbers within this category may be higher than total column patient number since one patient could contribute to multiple methods in the PEPuP and INS 2011 studies; §other includes Schofield with/without adjustment for stress and activity, Ireton-Jones, Mifflin-St. Jeor equation and fixed calorie target. kcal, kilocalories; SD, standard deviation; EN, enteral nutrition; IBW, ideal body weight; BMI, body mass index.