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Testicular sperm viability after freeze and thaw. Live sperms were stained with Calcein (green fluorescent). (A) Bright field; (B) fluorescent; (C) merged. A LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit (L-7011 Invitrogen, Life Technologies Ltd, Paisley, UK) was used for staining thawed testicular sperms. Testicular tissue for research was obtained from transplant donors through the National Disease Research Interchange.
