Table 1.
Comparison of survivors and non-survivors
| Variables | All patients (n = 479) | Survivors (n = 437) | Non-survivors (n = 42) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
64.0 (51.0 to 74.0) |
63.0 (51.0 to 74.0) |
67.0 (46.0 to 77.0) |
0.459 |
| Male gender (%) |
51.1 |
49.4 |
62.9 |
0.047 |
| SAPS 3 |
41.8 ± 14.5 |
40.6 ± 14.2 |
53.8 ± 12.3 |
<0.001 |
| ASA (%) |
|
|
|
|
| I |
13.4 |
13.5 |
11.9 |
0.96 |
| II |
52.8 |
55.8 |
21.4 |
<0.001 |
| III |
27.8 |
26.3 |
42.9 |
0.047 |
| Pre-operative time fasting (h) |
15.5 (10.2 to 18) |
16 (10.2 to 18) |
14.6 (10 to 17.5) |
0.43 |
|
Kind of surgery |
|
|
|
|
| Gastrointestinal surgery (%) |
34.3 |
34.4 |
32.5 |
0.94 |
| Vascular surgery (%) |
14.5 |
13.5 |
25.0 |
0.07 |
| Orthopaedic surgery (%) |
12.8 |
13.8 |
2.5 |
0.06 |
| Others* (%) |
38.4 |
38.3 |
40.0 |
0.96 |
|
Anesthesia (%) |
|
|
|
0.432 |
| General |
55.5 |
55.5 |
56.0 |
|
| Neuroaxis |
31.8 |
32.5 |
24.0 |
|
| General + Neuroaxis |
12.7 |
12.0 |
20.0 |
|
| Surgery time (hours) |
4.0 (3.2 to 5.5) |
4.0 (3.0 to 5.5) |
4.0 (3.3 to 6.0) |
0.76 |
| Elective surgery (%) |
95.5 |
94.9 |
94.1 |
0.887 |
| Crystalloid intraoperatively (mL) |
3,500.0 (2,000.0 to 6,500.0) |
3,500.0 (2,000.0 to 6,500.0) |
4,500.0 (2,375.0 to 8,250.0) |
0.11 |
| Colloid intraoperatively (mL) |
500.0 (500.0 to 1,000.0) |
500.0 (250.0 to 500.0) |
500.0 (500.0 to 1,000.0) |
0.10 |
| Fluid balance intraoperatively (ml) |
1,400.0 (1,000.0 to 2,000.0) |
1,400.0 (1,000.0 to 1,600.0) |
1,950.0 (1,400.0 to 3,400.0) |
<0.001 |
| Transfusion requirements intraoperatively (%) |
24.8 |
23.1 |
43.2 |
0.007 |
| Need for vasopressors intraoperatively (%) |
56.6 |
54.5 |
78.4 |
0.005 |
| Lactate at end of surgery (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 1.6 | 2.4 ± 1.6 | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 0.459 |
*Others: neurosurgery, head and neck surgery, thoracic surgery, urologic surgery, gynecologic surgery. All values between parentheses represent percentile 25 to 75 values observed; all values represent mean ± standard deviation.