Table 1.
Demographics and clinical data of patients on drug initiation (n = 63) and with regard to initial Cpeak/MIC ratio and loading dose (D1 = 18 to 24 mg/kg; D2 = 25 to 30 mg/kg)
| All patients (n = 63) |
Cpeak/MIC ≥8 (n = 40) |
Cpeak/MIC <8 (n = 23) |
D1 (n = 39) |
D2 (n = 24) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female/Male, n | 22 / 41 | 14 / 30 | 8 / 11 | 13 / 26 | 9 / 16 |
| Age (years) | 59 ± 16 | 58 ± 15 | 60 ± 18 | 59 ± 15 | 59 ± 18 |
| IBW (kg) | 65 ± 10 | 65 ± 9 | 64 ± 10 | 64 ± 10 | 66 ± 9 |
| ABW (kg) | 67 ± 12 | 68 ± 13 | 66 ± 12 | 67 ± 13 | 67 ± 10 |
| APACHE II score | 21 (19-25) | 21 (19-24) | 23 (18-27) | 21 (15-31) | 21 (12-27) |
| SOFA | 10 (8-11) | 10 (8-11) | 9 (8-11) | 10 (7-11) | 9 (8-11) |
| Severe sepsis/septic shock, n | 43 / 20 | 26 / 14 | 17 / 6 | 28 / 11 | 15 / 9 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 63 (100) | 40 (100) | 23 (100) | 39 (100) | 24 (100) |
| Immunosuppression, n (%) | 13 (21) | 8 (20) | 5 (22) | 8 (21) | 5 (21) |
| Concomitant nephrotoxic agents, n (%) | |||||
| Vancomycin | 4 (6) | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
| Colistin | 8 (13) | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
| Amphotericin B | - | - | - | - | - |
| NSAIDs | 24 (38) | 15 | 9 | 14 | 10 |
| Contrast medium | 11 (17) | 8 | 3 | 7 | 4 |
| Diuretics | 15 (24) | 10 | 5 | 9 | 6 |
| Others | 1 (2) | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Type of infection, n (%) | |||||
| CR-BS | 10 (16) | 6 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| VAP | 34 (54) | 24 | 10 | 23 | 11 |
| HAP | 7 (11) | 6 | 1 | 6 | 1 |
| Peritonitis | 6 (9) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Others | 6 (9) | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 |
| Temperature, °C | 37.7 ± 1.0 | 37.9 ± 0.8 | 37.6 ± 1.1 | 37.7 ± 1.0 | 38.0 ± 0.7 |
| White blood cells, n × 103/mm3 | 12.7 (8.5-16.7) | 12.6 (8.4-19.3) | 12.8 (8.8-15.9) | 13.6 (8.8-17.1) | 12.1 (8.1-20.1) |
| C-reactive protein, ng/mL | 121 (69-166) | 108 (60-159) | 139 (102-196)* | 113 (76-159) | 132 (98-194)# |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 1.2 (0.5-5.9) | 0.7 (0.3-4.6) | 1.8 (1.1-6.8)* | 0.7 (0.3-5.5) | 2.0 (1.2-7.9)# |
| Hematocrit, % | 27.9 (25.7-30) | 28.8 (25.8-31.6) | 27.0 (25.5-29.2) | 28.0 (22.8-39) | 26.7 (22.3-38.1) |
| Serum proteins, g/dL | 4.9 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 5.0 ± 0.8 | 4.9 ± 0.8 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 0.3 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 1.0 ± 0.7 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min | 67 (50-118) | 81 (52-108) | 65 (45-130) | 80 (40-108) | 64 (50-143) |
| ICU stay, days | 50 (18-65) | 37 (14-77) | 46 (11-58) | 48 (24-68) | 47 (17-66) |
| ICU mortality, n (%) | 16 (25) | 11 (27) | 5 (22) | 8 (21) | 8 (33) |
Data are presented as counts (percentage), mean (± standard deviation (SD)) or median (interquartile range (IQR). *P <0.05 vs. Cpeak/MIC ≥8; #P<0.05 vs. D1. Cpeak, peak concentration; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; D1, loading dose 18 to 24 mg/kg; D2, loading dose 25 to 30 mg/kg; IBW, ideal body weight; ABW, adjusted body weight; APACHE, acute physiology and health evaluation; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; CR-BSI, catheter-related bloodstream infection; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.