Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the patients in the discovery study in survivors and non-survivors at 28 days
| Total (n = 195) | Survivors (n = 125) | Non-survivors (n = 70) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Patient details |
|
|
|
|
| Gender (male) |
125 (64.1%) |
79 (63.2%) |
46 (65.7%) |
NS |
| Age (years) |
71.6 ± 11.1 |
70.2 ± 11.1 |
74.2 ± 10.7 |
0.014 |
| Hypertension |
109 (55.9%) |
71 (56.8%) |
38 (54.3%) |
NS |
| Cardiovascular disease |
87 (44.6%) |
54 (43.2%) |
33 (47.1%) |
NS |
| Cancer |
44 (22.5%) |
21 (16.8%) |
23 (32.8%) |
0.010 |
| COPD |
33 (16.9%) |
24 (19.2%) |
9 (12.8%) |
NS |
| Diabetes |
31 (15.9%) |
24 (19.2%) |
7 (10%) |
NS |
| Obesity |
32 (16.4%) |
21 (16.8%) |
11 (15.7%) |
NS |
| Smoker |
27 (13.8%) |
17 (13.6%) |
10 (14.2%) |
NS |
| Chronic renal failure |
26 (13.3%) |
15 (12.0%) |
11 (15.7%) |
NS |
| Alcohol abuse |
12 (6.1%) |
8 (6.4%) |
4 (5.7%) |
NS |
| Inmunosuppression |
9 (4.6%) |
5 (4.0%) |
4 (5.7%) |
NS |
| Hepatic disease |
6 (3.1%) |
4 (3.2%) |
2 (2.8%) |
NS |
|
Clinical status at admission |
|
|
|
|
| APACHE II |
14.7 ± 5.9 |
13.9 ± 5.8 |
16.2 ± 5.9 |
0.013 |
| Mechanical ventilation |
134 (68.7%) |
83 (66.4%) |
51 (72.9%) |
NS |
| OARF |
41 (21.0%) |
19 (15.2%) |
22 (31.4%) |
0.008 |
|
Presumed source of infection |
|
|
|
|
| Digestive system |
115 (58.9%) |
76 (60.8%) |
39 (55.7%) |
NS |
| Respiratory system |
19 (9.7%) |
14 (11.2%) |
5 (7.1%) |
NS |
| Central nervous system |
20 (10.2%) |
14 (11.2%) |
6 (8.5%) |
NS |
| Urinary system |
10 (5.1%) |
5 (4.0%) |
5 (7.1%) |
NS |
| Endocardium |
7 (3.5%) |
5 (4.0%) |
2 (2.8%) |
NS |
| Catheter |
34 (17.4%) |
26 (20.8%) |
8 (11.4%) |
NS |
| Wound/skin, soft tissue |
28 (14.3%) |
20 (16.0%) |
8 (11.4%) |
NS |
| Other/unknown |
55 (28.2%) |
35 (28.0%) |
20 (28.5%) |
NS |
|
Type of surgery |
|
|
|
|
| Abdominal |
99 (50.7%) |
56 (44.8%) |
43 (61.4%) |
0.030 |
| Cardiac |
71 (36.4%) |
54 (43.2%) |
17 (24.3%) |
|
| Other |
25 (12.8%) |
15 (12.0%) |
10 (14.3%) |
|
|
Urgent surgery |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
130 (66.6%) |
77 (61.6)% |
53 (75.7%) |
0.045 |
|
Documented microbial agent |
|
|
|
|
| Gram-negative |
67 (41.6%) |
48 (44.4%) |
19 (35.8%) |
NS |
| Gram-positive |
68 (42.2%) |
47 (43.5%) |
21 (39.6%) |
NS |
| Fungi |
24 (14.9%) |
16 (14.8%) |
8 (15.1%) |
NS |
|
Laboratory data |
|
|
|
|
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) |
1.4 ± 1.3 |
1.5 ± 1.4 |
1.2 ± 1.0 |
NS |
| Glycemia (mg/dL) |
166.4 ± 65.1 |
165.4 ± 58.3 |
168.2 ± 76.0 |
NS |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) |
19.3 ± 32.5 |
16.5 ± 28.6 |
24.3 ± 38.1 |
NS |
| CRP (mg/mL) |
231.8 ± 119.2 |
221.9 ± 106.6 |
249.4 ± 138.1 |
NS |
| INR |
1.7 ± 0.9 |
1.6 ± 0.9 |
1.7 ± 0.8 |
NS |
| Platelets (×103/μl) |
190.2 ± 140.0 |
196.9 ± 143.5 |
178.2 ± 133.5 |
NS |
| Leukocytes (×103/μl) |
16.3 ± 10.1 |
16.4 ± 9.0 |
16.2 ± 11.7 |
NS |
| Monocytes (×103/μl) |
0.7 ± 0.4 |
0.7 ± 0.4 |
0.6 ± 0.5 |
NS |
| Lymphocyte (×103/μl) |
1.1 ± 0.7 |
1.1 ± 0.8 |
1.0 ± 0.6 |
NS |
| Neutrophils (×103/μl) |
14.4 ± 9.4 |
14.4 ± 8.4 |
14.3 ± 11.1 |
NS |
| Basophils (×103/μl) |
0.1 ± 0.0 |
0.1 ± 0.1 |
0.1 ± 0.0 |
NS |
| Eosinophils (×103/μl) | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | NS |
For the demographic characteristics of the patients, differences between groups were assessed using the χ2 test for categorical variables and the Student's t-test for continuous variables when appropriate. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C reactive protein; INR, international normalized ratio; NS, not significant; OARF, oliguric acute renal failure.