Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of the patients in the validation study in survivors and non-survivors at 28 days
| Total (n = 194) | Survivors (n = 132) | Non-survivors (n = 62) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Patient details |
|
|
|
|
| Gender (male) |
126 (64.9%) |
85 (64.3%) |
41 (66.1%) |
NS |
| Age (years) |
67.1 ± 13.3 |
65.3 ± 14.3 |
71.1 ± 9.5 |
<0.001 |
| Inmunosuppression |
35 (18.0%) |
15 (11.3%) |
20 (32.2%) |
<0.001 |
| Diabetes |
32 (16.4%) |
21 (15.9%) |
11 (17.7%) |
NS |
| Cardiovascular disease |
24 (12.3%) |
14 (10.6%) |
10 (16.1%) |
NS |
| Cancer |
18 (9.2%) |
10 (7.5%) |
8 (12.9%) |
NS |
| COPD |
23 (11.8%) |
12 (9.0%) |
11 (17.7%) |
NS |
| Chronic renal failure |
15 (7.7%) |
10 (7.5%) |
5 (8.0%) |
NS |
| Alcohol abuse |
12 (6.1%) |
7 (5.3%) |
5 (8.0%) |
NS |
| Hepatic disease |
4 (2.0%) |
1 (0.7%) |
3 (4.8%) |
NS |
|
Clinical status at admission |
|
|
|
|
| APACHE II score |
22.6 ± 7.0 |
21.0 ± 6.5 |
25.9 ± 7.1 |
<0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation |
150 (77.7%) |
93 (70.9%) |
57 (91.9%) |
<0.001 |
| OARF |
39 (20.1%) |
17 (12.8%) |
22 (35.4%) |
<0.001 |
|
Presumed source of infection |
|
|
|
|
| Respiratory system |
67 (34.5%) |
45 (34.1%) |
22 (35.5%) |
NS |
| Digestive system |
52 (26.8%) |
32 (24.2%) |
20 (32.3%) |
NS |
| Urinary system |
26 (13.4%) |
21 (15.9%) |
5 (8.1%) |
NS |
| Catheter |
16 (8.2%) |
11 (8.3%) |
5 (8.1%) |
NS |
| Wound/skin, soft tissue |
15 (7.7%) |
11 (8.3%) |
4 (6.5%) |
NS |
| Other/unknown |
18 (9.3%) |
12 (9.1%) |
6 (9.7%) |
NS |
|
Documented microbial agent |
|
|
|
|
| Gram-negative |
52 (26.8%) |
36 (27.2%) |
16 (25.8%) |
NS |
| Gram-positive |
33 (17.0%) |
25 (18.9%) |
8 (12.9%) |
NS |
| Fungi |
12 (6.1%) |
4 (3.0%) |
8 (12.9%) |
0.020 |
|
Laboratory data |
|
|
|
|
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) |
1.4 ± 2.2 |
1.4 ± 2.1 |
1.6 ± 2.4 |
NS |
| Glycemia (mg/dL) |
168 ± 64.0 |
167 ± 62.4 |
172.0 ± 67.6 |
NS |
| INR |
1.8 ± 3.1 |
1.9 ± 3.8 |
1.6 ± 0.6 |
NS |
| Platelets (×103/μl) |
177.4 ± 118.5 |
173.6 ± 105.2 |
186.4 ± 146.1 |
NS |
| Leukocytes (×103/μl) |
18.0 ± 16.4 |
18.4 ± 17.0 |
17.3 ± 15.3 |
NS |
| Monocytes (×103/μl) |
0.7 ± 1.7 |
0.8 ± 20.2 |
0.6 ± 0.9 |
NS |
| Lymphocyte (×103/μl) |
1.8 ± 70.5 |
1.6 ± 73.5 |
2.3 ± 64.1 |
NS |
| Neutrophils (×103/μl) |
14.9 ± 12.5 |
15.6 ± 12.9 |
13.6 ± 11.5 |
NS |
| Basophils (×103/μl) |
0.1 ± 0.0 |
0.1 ± 0.0 |
0.1 ± 0.0 |
NS |
| Eosinophils (×103/μl) | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | NS |
For the demographic characteristics of the patients, differences between groups were assessed using the χ2 test for categorical variables and the Student's t-test for continuous variables when appropriate. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; INR, international normalized ratio; NS, not significant; OARF, oliguric acute renal failure.