Table 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics
|
Characteristics |
Montelukast monotherapy |
Montelukast + ICS |
Total |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Preschool age |
School age |
All |
Preschool age |
School age |
All |
||
| N | 34 | 42 | 76 | 112 | 140 | 252 | 328 |
| Age (years), mean (SD) |
4.01 (1.12) |
9.19 (2.26) |
6.87 (3.19) |
3.86 (1.13) |
9.54 (2.35) |
7.02 (3.41) |
6.92 (3.35) |
| Gender, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Male |
18 (52.9) |
25 (59.5) |
43 (56.6) |
60 (53.6) |
89 (63.6) |
149 (59.1) |
192 (58.5) |
| Female |
16 (47.1) |
17 (40.5) |
33 (43.4) |
52 (46.4) |
51 (36.4) |
103 (40.9) |
136 (41.5) |
| Race, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Caucasian |
25 (73.5) |
32 (76.2) |
57 (75.0) |
66 (58.9) |
86 (61.4) |
152 (60.3) |
209 (63.7) |
| Black |
0 (0.0) |
1 (2.4) |
1 (1.3) |
8 (7.1) |
13 (9.3) |
21 (8.3) |
22 (6.7) |
| Asian |
4 (11.8) |
8 (19.0) |
12 (15.8) |
32 (28.6) |
32 (22.9) |
64 (25.4) |
76 (23.2) |
| Hispanic |
0 (0.0) |
1 (2.4) |
1 (1.3) |
3 (2.7) |
3 (2.1) |
6 (2.4) |
7 (2.1) |
| Other |
3 (8.8) |
0 (0.0) |
3 (3.9) |
2 (1.8) |
6 (4.3) |
8 (3.2) |
11 (3.4) |
| Missing |
2 (5.9) |
0 (0.0) |
2 (2.6) |
1 (0.9) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (0.4) |
3 (0.9) |
| Duration of asthma since diagnosis (years), mean (SD) |
2.06 (1.11) |
4.32 (3.25) |
3.31 (2.76) |
2.11 (1.27) |
5.46 (3.08) |
3.97 (2.96) |
3.82 (2.92) |
| Smoking history, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Patient is a smoker |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
| Patient quit smoking |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (0.7) |
1 (0.4) |
1 (0.3) |
| Patient never smoked |
34 (100.0) |
41 (97.6) |
75 (98.7) |
104 (92.9) |
133 (95.0) |
237 (94.0) |
312 (95.1) |
| Member of household is a smoker |
8 (23.5) |
14 (33.3) |
22 (28.9) |
20 (17.9) |
40 (28.6) |
60 (23.8) |
82 (25.0) |
| Member of household quit smoking |
5 (14.7) |
11 (26.2) |
16 (21.1) |
8 (7.1) |
7 (5.0) |
15 (6.0) |
31 (9.5) |
| Use of ICS at baseline, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Low dose* |
- |
- |
- |
58 (51.8) |
39 (27.9) |
97 (38.5) |
97 (29.6) |
| Moderate dose† |
- |
- |
- |
53 (47.3) |
90 (64.3) |
143 (56.7) |
143 (43.6) |
| High dose‡ |
- |
- |
- |
1 (0.9) |
11 (7.9) |
12 (4.8) |
12 (3.7) |
| Profile of asthma symptoms, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1. Daytime symptoms ≥ 4 days/week |
24 (70.6) |
26 (61.9) |
50 (65.8) |
91 (81.3) |
106 (75.7) |
197 (78.2) |
247 (75.3) |
| 2. Night-time symptoms ≥ 1 night/week |
29 (85.3) |
30 (71.4) |
59 (77.6) |
99 (88.4) |
111 (79.3) |
210 (83.3) |
269 (82.0) |
| 3. Absenteeism from school due to asthma in the last week |
7 (20.6) |
16 (38.1) |
23 (30.3) |
33 (29.5) |
66 (47.1) |
99 (39.3) |
122 (37.2) |
| 4. SABA ≥ 4 doses in the last week§ |
13 (38.2) |
13 (31.0) |
26 (34.2) |
76 (67.9) |
92 (65.7) |
168 (66.7) |
194 (59.1) |
| 5. FEV in one second or PEF ≥90% of their personal best in the last week |
2 (5.9) |
9 (21.4) |
11 (14.5) |
11 (9.8) |
41 (29.3) |
52 (20.6) |
63 (19.2) |
| 6. Diurnal variability in peak expiratory flow >10% to 15% in the last week | 2 (5.9) | 2 (4.8) | 4 (5.3) | 8 (7.1) | 22 (15.7) | 30 (11.9) | 34 (10.4) |
*Low dose was defined as ≤ 200 μg/day for fluticasone propionate or equivalent (≤200 μg/day for beclomethasone dipropionate and ≤200 μg/day for budesonide).
†Moderate dose was defined as >200 to 500 μg/day for fluticasone propionate or equivalent (>200 to 400 μg/day for beclomethasone dipropionate and >200 to 400 μg/day for budesonide) [18].
‡High dose was defined as > 500 μg/day for fluticasone propionate or equivalent (>400 μg/day for beclomethasone dipropionate and >400 μg/day for budesonide).
§Excluding one dose/day before exercise.