Table 5.
Diff-and-Diff estimates of the effect of the false ID laws with scanner provisions on underage drinking by gender
| MALE
|
FEMALE
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Consumed alcohol | ||||
| TREAT | −0.015 (0.015) | −0.003 (0.016) | 0.008 (0.015) | 0.004 (0.016) |
| R2 | 0.110 | 0.096 | 0.116 | 0.069 |
| N | 20187 | 20187 | 19633 | 19633 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.487 (0.499) | 0.468 (0.499) | ||
|
| ||||
| Engaged in binge drinking | ||||
| TREAT | −0.034*** (0.010) | −0.041*** (0.011) | −0.011 (0.017) | −0.009 (0.015) |
| R2 | 0.104 | 0.088 | 0.082 | 0.044 |
| N | 20141 | 20141 | 19613 | 19613 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.319 (0.466) | 0.232 (0.422) | ||
|
| ||||
| No. of days consumed alcohol | ||||
| TREAT | −0.454*** (0.144) | −0.598*** (0.193) | 0.100 (0.111) | 0.059 (0.118) |
| R2 | 0.084 | 0.080 | 0.084 | 0.059 |
| N | 20187 | 20187 | 19633 | 19633 |
| M (S.D.) | 3.157 (5.574) | 2.289 (4.322) | ||
|
| ||||
| No. of days engaged in binge drinking | ||||
| TREAT | −0.205** (0.088) | −0.303*** (0.101) | −0.044 (0.077) | −0.018 (0.054) |
| R2 | 0.072 | 0.060 | 0.058 | 0.034 |
| N | 20141 | 20141 | 19613 | 19613 |
| M (S.D.) | 1.660 (3.863) | 0.891 (2.542) | ||
|
| ||||
| Avg. no. of drinks consumed | ||||
| TREAT | −0.132*** (0.041) | −0.203*** (0.045) | −0.084 (0.051) | −0.100* (0.058) |
| R2 | 0.051 | 0.039 | 0.039 | 0.021 |
| N | 19988 | 19988 | 19554 | 19554 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.718 (1.889) | 0.360 (1.060) | ||
|
| ||||
| Individual Fixed Effects | No | Yes | No | Yes |
Notes: All regressions include individual characteristics, state level controls, state, month, and year fixed effects. Specifications 2 and 4 add individual fixed effects. M: Sample weighted mean of the outcome variable. S.D.: Standard deviation of the outcome variable. Standard errors, corrected for clustering at the state level, are reported in parentheses. The signs *, **, and *** denote statistical significance at the 10, 5, and 1 percent significance levels.