Table 6.
Diff-and-Diff estimates of the effect of the false ID laws with scanner provisions on underage drinking by age groups
| 13–15 year olds
|
16–17 year olds
|
18–20 year olds
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
| Consumed alcohol | ||||||
| Treat | −0.003 (0.032) | −0.027 (0.031) | 0.010 (0.022) | 0.028 (0.028) | −0.023** (0.009) | −0.003 (0.023) |
| R2 | 0.055 | 0.062 | 0.056 | 0.037 | 0.088 | 0.023 |
| N | 5156 | 5156 | 11502 | 11502 | 23162 | 23162 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.277 (0.448) | 0.392 (0.488) | 0.564 (0.496) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Engaged in binge drinking | ||||||
| Treat | 0.012 (0.019) | −0.001 (0.025) | −0.021 (0.013) | −0.060*** (0.014) | −0.029* (0.016) | −0.007 (0.020) |
| R2 | 0.045 | 0.060 | 0.057 | 0.034 | 0.088 | 0.018 |
| N | 5149 | 5149 | 11487 | 11487 | 23118 | 23118 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.114 (0.318) | 0.215 (0.411) | 0.343 (0.475) | |||
|
| ||||||
| No. of days consumed alcohol | ||||||
| Treat | −0.387*** (0.134) | −0.736*** (0.147) | −0.336** (0.156) | −0.439*** (0.107) | −0.117 (0.139) | −0.127 (0.171) |
| R2 | 0.042 | 0.064 | 0.036 | 0.019 | 0.067 | 0.018 |
| N | 5156 | 5156 | 11502 | 11502 | 23162 | 23162 |
| M (S.D.) | 1.037 (2.925) | 1.806 (3.850) | 3.564 (5.676) | |||
|
| ||||||
| No. of days engaged in binge drinking | ||||||
| Treat | −0.089 (0.088) | −0.210 (0.120) | −0.103 (0.170) | −0.198 (0.128) | −0.125 (0.119) | −0.020 (0.104) |
| R2 | 0.036 | 0.070 | 0.041 | 0.018 | 0.065 | 0.013 |
| N | 5149 | 5149 | 11487 | 11487 | 23118 | 23118 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.353 (1.544) | 0.821 (2.371) | 1.717 (3.864) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Avg. no. of drinks consumed | ||||||
| Treat | −0.136*** (0.031) | −0.246** (0.034) | −0.147** (0.063) | −0.185*** (0.050) | −0.071 (0.054) | −0.112 (0.066) |
| R2 | 0.029 | 0.035 | 0.024 | 0.011 | 0.051 | 0.011 |
| N | 5137 | 5137 | 11435 | 11435 | 22970 | 22970 |
| M (S.D.) | 0.181 (0.897) | 0.366 (1.289) | 0.709 (1.744) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Individual fixed effects | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
Notes: All regressions include individual characteristics, state level controls, state, month, and year fixed effects. Specifications 2, 4, and 6 add individual fixed effects. M: Sample weighted mean of the outcome variable. S.D.: Standard deviation of the outcome variable. Standard errors, corrected for clustering at the state level, are reported in parentheses. The signs *, **, and *** denote statistical significance at the 10, 5, and 1 percent significance levels.