. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Behav Med. 2013 Dec 14;37(5):902–911. doi: 10.1007/s10865-013-9549-y

Table 3.

Hierarchical multiple regression analysis examining biopsychosocial predictors of pain severity.

Variable	R²	ΔR²	ΔF	β	p- value	Partial Correlation	Variance Inflation Factor
Step 1. Covariates	0.08	0.08	4.67		0.011
Opioid Use				0.20		0.13	1.18
Antidepressant Prescription				0.17		0.01	1.16
Step 2. Biological	0.11	0.03	1.35		0.263
Age				0.00		0.03	1.19
Race				−0.08		−0.05	1.12
Liver Disease Severity				−0.06		−0.03	1.14
Step 3. General Psychosocial	0.17	0.06	2.72		0.048
Depression				0.00		0.03	1.57
Current Substance Use Disorder				−0.13		−0.07	1.16
Currently Married				−0.22		−0.12	1.16
Step 4. Pain-Specific Psychosocial	0.37	0.20	11.07		< 0.001
Pain Catastrophizing				0.03^**		0.34	1.79
Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy				−0.04		−0.17	1.47
Chronic Pain Coping Social – Support				0.11^*		0.24	1.13

Note: Values in columns with heading labels β, p-value, partial correlation, and variance inflation factor are for the final model that includes all predictors.

p<0.05,

^**

p<0.01.