Table 2.
Narrative Characteristics of HFA, OO, and TD Participants
| HFA (SD) (n=15) | OO (SD) (n=15) | TD(SD) (n=15) | F | p | η2 | Post-Hoc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Number of Words (Word Tokens) (range) | 247.1 (83.3) (154–453) | 279.5 (89.2) (182–493) | 276.3 (113.1) (127–576) | ||||
| Number of different words (Word Types) (range) | 124.5 (34.5) (66–196) | 134.1 (31.2) (99–201) | 133.3 (40.2) (77–223) | ||||
| Number of Utterances (range) | 27.4 (8.3) (14–47) | 29.2 (8.8) (19–56) | 28.4 (8.6) (14–43) | ||||
| Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) (range) | 9.2 (2.0) (5.9–11.8) | 9.6 (1.6) (6.9–12.4) | 9.7 (1.8) (6.2–13.4) | ||||
| Type/Token ratio (range) | .513 (.056) (.43–.62) | .493 (.069) (.37–.61) | .501 (.056) (.39–.61) | ||||
|
| |||||||
| Story Elements (range) | 16.6 (3.7) (11–25) | 18.4 (2.6) (15–24) | 19.9 (2.5) (15–24) | 4.74 | .01 | .18 | HFA<TD OO=TD OO=HFA |
|
| |||||||
| Ambiguous Pronouns (Percentage of pronouns that were ambiguous) (range) | 31% (16.6%) (8%–70%) | 18% (10%) (6%–40%) | 17%(15%) (0%–50%) | 4.21 | .02 | .17 | HFA>TD HFA>OO OO=TD |
|
| |||||||
| Repetitions (range) | .33 (.39) (0–1.3) | .14 (.14) (0–.48) | .11 (.14) (0–.44) | 3.19 | .05 | .13 | HFA>TD OO=TD OO=HFA |
| Self-Corrections (range) | .19 (.16) (0–.71) | .24 (.16) (.06–.67) | .10 (.10) (0–.35) | 3.76 | .03 | .15 | HFA>TD OO>TD OO=HFA |
| Filler Words (range) | .04 (.13) (0–.52) | .15 (.20) (0–.74) | .10 (.12) (0–.39) | 1.69 | .20 | .07 | |
|
| |||||||
| Mental State Expressions (range) | .17 (.10) (.04–.37) | .20 (.10) (0–.32) | .17 (.12) (.04–.38) | ||||
| Causal References (range) | .03 (.04) (0–.13) | .05 (.06) (0–.21) | .03 (.06) (0–.18) | ||||