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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Sci. 2014 Dec;15(6):807–817. doi: 10.1007/s11121-013-0445-z

Table 1.

Example of Proximal-Distal Projection using Outcomes in 5th Grade

Intervention Group Comparison Group

Proximal School Outcomes in 5th Grade (fraction)
  A1: Student suspended at least once & student attended school less than150 days in the prior school year 0.05 0.14
  A2: Student suspended at least once & student attended school at least 150 days in the prior school year 0.07 0.17
  A3: Student never suspended & student attended school less than 150 days in the prior school year 0.09 0.07
  A4: Student never suspended & student attended school at least 150 days in the prior school year 0.79 0.63
Distal Outcomes
 Fraction not expected to complete high school if:
  A5: Student suspended at least once & student attended school less than150 days in the prior school year 0.55 0.55
  A6: Student suspended at least once & student attended school at least 150 days in the prior school year 0.30 0.30
  A7: Student never suspended & student attended school less than 150 days in the prior school year 0.25 0.25
  A8: Student never suspended & student attended school at least 150 days in the prior school year 0.15 0.15
  Lifetime earnings ($ millions, present value) if:
   Does not complete high school (A9) 2.02 2.02
   Completes high school (A10) 2.83 2.83
Expected earnings ($ millions, present value)
[(A1×A5)+(A2×A6)+(A3×A7)+(A4×A8)] × A9 + [A1×(1-A5)+A2×(1-A6)+A3×(1-A7)+A4×(1-A8)] ×A10 2.68 2.64