Table 2.
Nutritive values and scientific names of fruits and vegetables mostly used for lactic acid fermentation.
| Common name | Nutrient composition | Botanical name | Used for | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leafy vegetables | ||||
| Broccoli | Carbohydrates 6.64%, Sugars 1.7% Protein 2.82% Fat 0.37% Dietary fiber 2.6% |
Brassica oleracea L. var. italica | Yan-tsai-shin | Taiwan |
| Cabbage | Carbohydrates 5.8%, Sugars 3.2% Protein 1.28% Fat 0.1% Dietary fiber 2.5 g |
Brassica oleracea | Dhamuoi Gundruk Kimchi Paocai Sauerkraut Suan-tsai |
Vietnam India Korea China International Taiwan |
| Chinese cabbage | Carbohydrates 3.08%, Protein 0.75% Fat 0.01% Vitamin K and Molybdenum |
Brassica rapa, subsp. Pekinensis | Suan-tsai | Taiwan |
| Mustard leaf | Carbohydrates 4% Protein 5% Total fat 1% Dietary fiber 9% |
Brassica juncea | Burong mustala Dakguadong Dua muoi Inziangsang Pak-Gard-Dong Suan-tsai |
Philippines Thailand Vietnam India Thailand Taiwan |
|
| ||||
| Root and tubers | ||||
| Beet | Carbohydrates 9.96% Sugars 7.96% Protein 1.68% Fat 0.18% Dietary fiber 2.0% |
|||
| Carrots | Carbohydrates 9.6%, Sugars 4.7% Protein 0.93% Fat 0.24% Dietary fiber 2.8% |
Daucus carota | Kanji | India |
| Ginger | Carbohydrates 71.62%, Sugars 3.39% Protein 8.98% Fat 4.24% Dietary fiber 14.1% |
Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Yan-jiang | Taiwan |
| Radish | Carbohydrates 3.4% Sugars 1.86% Protein 0.68% Dietary fiber 1.6% Fat 0.1% |
Raphanus sativus | Gundruk Kimchi Paocai Sinki |
India Korea China India |
| Turnip | Carbohydrates 5% Protein 1.5% Fat 0.9%, Dietary fiber 5% |
Brassica rapa subsp. Rapa | Nozuwana-Zuke Sunki |
Japan Japan |
|
| ||||
| Vegetables | ||||
| Bamboo Shoot | Carbohydrates 5.2% Sugars 3% Protein 2.6% Fat 0.3% Dietary fiber 2.2% Potassium 11% Zinc 12% |
Bambusa tulda | Soidon | India |
| Cauliflower | Carbohydrates 5% Sugars 1.9% Protein 1.9% Fat 0.3% Dietary fiber 2% |
Brassica oleracea | Gundruk | Nepal |
| Cucumber | Carbohydrate 2.7% Protein 0.67% Fat 0.13% Dietary fiber 0.8% |
Cucumis sativus | Jiang-gua Khalpi Paocai |
Taiwan Nepal, India China |
| Eggplant | Carbohydrate 2% Protein 2% Dietary fiber 12% Vitamin C 3% |
Solanum melongena | Ca muoi | Vietnam |
| Green onion | Carbohydrates 6% Protein 3% Fat 1% Dietary fiber 7% |
Allium wakegi | Kimchi | Korea |
| Wax gourd | Carbohydrates 3% Protein 2% Fat 0.5% Dietary Fiber 7% |
Benincasa hispida Thunb. | yan-dong-gua | Taiwan |
|
| ||||
| Fruits | ||||
| Cummingcordia |
Cordia dichotoma
G. Forst. |
Pobuzihi | Taiwan | |
| Durian | Carbohydrates 27.09% Protein 1.47% Fat 5.33% Dietary fiber 3.8% |
Durio zibethinus | Tempoyak | Malaysia |
| Olive | Carbohydrates 3.84% Sugars 0.54% Protein 1.03% Fat 15.32% Dietary fiber 3.3% |
Olea europaea L. | Olive | Spain, Italy |
| Pak-sian | Gynandropsis pentaphylla | Pak-sian-dong | Thailand | |
| Peaches | Carbohydrates 9.54% Sugars 8.39% Protein 1% Fat 0.25% Dietary fiber 1.5% Vitamin C 8% |
Prunus persica (L.) Stokes | Yan-taozih | China and Taiwan |