Table 1.
Sample Demographics
| Schizophrenia Patients (n=186) | Healthy Volunteers (n=176) | Statistic | p- value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Age (SD) | 38.9 (11.6) | 37.5 (11.2) | t360=1.12 | 0.26 |
| Subject Educationb (SD) | 3.4(0.9) | 2.3(0.9) | t360=11.47 | <0.0001 |
| Parental Educationb (SD) | 2.4(1.8) | 2.1(1.5) | t360=1.49 | 0.14 |
| NAART | 29.4(12.4) | 39.7(11.4) | t357= −8.22 | <0.0001 |
| Age at Onset | 21.8 (7.6) | |||
| Duration of Illness | 17.1 (11.5) | |||
| PANSS positive | 15.5(5.1) | |||
| PANSS negative | 14.5(5.6) | |||
| PANSS general | 28.6(7.5) | |||
| PANSS composite | 0.9(6.3) | |||
| Gender (M/F) | 145/41 | 126/50 | χ21=0.83 | 0.36 |
| Handednessa (bilateral/left/right) | 4/12/170 | 2/7/167 | FET | 0.46 |
| Race | FET | 0.10 | ||
| American Indian or Alaskan | 4 | 3 | ||
| Native | ||||
| Asian | 22 | 16 | ||
| Black or African American | 38 | 20 | ||
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific | 2 | 2 | ||
| Islander | ||||
| White | 120 | 135 | ||
FET=Fisher’s Exact Test
a
based on Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971)
b
based on the Hollingstead Socioeconomic Status Scale (Hollingstead, 1975)
NAART = North American Adult Reading Test (Uttl, 2002)
PANSS = Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (Kay et al., 1989)