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α1-AR signaling down-regulated Bmp4 mRNA in MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 10 μm PHE for 4, 8, and 12 h, harvested, and then processed for real-time qRT-PCR. Each value represents the mean ± S.E. of three separate experiments. *, p < 0.05, significantly different from each control value obtained in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured in the absence of PHE.
