FIGURE 9.

α1-AR signaling regulated clock genes and Bmp4 in bone. The effect of the intraperitoneal administration of PHE at 10 μg/g on rhythmic expression of Bmal1, Per2, Nfil3, and Bmp4 mRNA in bone is shown. C57BL/6J mice were maintained under a 12:12-hour light/dark cycle for 2 weeks, and then PHE was administered intraperitoneally at ZT0. Total RNA was isolated from the femurs (cancellous bone) of saline-treated and PHE-treated C57BL/6J mice. The mRNA levels of Bmal1, Per2, Nfil3, and Bmp4 were determined by real-time qRT-PCR using specific primers. Each value is the mean ± S.E. (n = 3 or 4 in each group). *, p < 0.05, significantly different from each control value.