Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2014 Jun 6;15:72. doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-15-72

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2014 Iio et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

PMC Copyright notice

The effects of chronic social defeat stress on leptin and its hypothalamic downstream signals. (A) Evaluation of leptin gene expression using real time PCR analysis in the fat tissue (Control, n = 8; Stress, n = 7). (B) Evaluation of leptin peptide expression in the blood plasma (Control, n = 8; Stress, n = 7). (C) Evaluation of the expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK1/2 in the hypothalamus using western blot analysis. Each band was normalized to actin levels and compared quantitatively using Image J software. (n = 4 / group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (Student’s t-test); Cont, Control; St, Stress. Data represent the means ± S.E.M.