Table 3.2.

Distribution of Kisspeptin Fibers in the Adult Brain (identified KNDy projections, based on dual immunostaining for peptides and/or tract tracing, in yellow)

Species	ARC	Preoptic region POA/RP3V		ME Inter Exter		PVN	VMM	DMH	LHA	SON	BNST	OVLT	Medial Septum	Lateral Septum	DBB	Other areas	Referencesd
Human	++	++	++	++	+	+	+	+	+					+			45
Rhesus Monkey	++	+		++	+												40,41
Mouse	++	+	+	++		+		+	+	+	+	+	+	+		+a	8,11,17,107
Rat	++	+	+	++	+	++		+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+b	18,19,22,24,108,110
Hamster	++		+														28
Guinea pig	++	+	+	++	++		+	+			+	+	+	+	+	+c	30
Sheep	++	+		++	+		+	+			+						9,10,35,36
Goat	++	+		++	+												37 – 39
Horse	++	+		++													48

^aOther regions include: lateral preoptic area, contralateral ARC, posterior hypothalamic area, medial amygdala, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus.

^bOther regions include: septohypothalamic area, contralateral ARC, retrochiasmatic area, suprachiasmatic nucleus; medial tuberal nucleus; posterior hypothalamus.

^cOther regions include: ventral premammillary nucleus

^dReference numbers are from citations at end of chapter

++, dense fibers; +, moderate or few fibers