Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients Assigned to Receive Clozapine, Olanzapine, and Haloperidola
| Characteristics | Clozapine (N = 31) | Olanzapine (N = 36) | Haloperidol (N = 34) | χ2, P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Categorical variables, N (%) Demographic | ||||
| Male, N (%) | 26 (83.9) | 28 (77.8) | 28 (82.4) | 0.45, .80 |
| Race/ethnicity, N (%) | ||||
| White | 5 (16.1) | 5 (13.9) | 6 (17.7) | |
| African American | 18 (58.1) | 27 (75.0) | 21 (61.8) | 6.6, .58 |
| Hispanic | 6 (19.4) | 4 (11.1) | 7 (20.6) | |
| Other | 2 (6.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Diagnosis, N (%) | ||||
| Schizophrenia | 22 (71.0) | 22 (61.1) | 20 (58.8) | 1.2, .6 |
| Schizoaffective disorder | 9 (29.0) | 14 (38.9) | 14 (41.2) | |
| Violent crime in community | 17 (54.8) | 23 (63.9) | 19 (55.9) | 1.6, .4 |
| Continuous variables, M (SD) | F, P | |||
| Mean age at randomization, y | 34.5 (12.3) | 35.4 (9.5) | 32.9 (10.7) | 0.49, .61 |
| Mean duration of illness, y | 14.6 (8.7) | 16.8 (11.2) | 14.4 (11.2) | 0.51, .60 |
| Prior psychiatric hospitalizations | 12.1 (10.3) | 11.7 (9.7) | 9.0 (4.6) | 1.13, .33 |
| Mean length of hospitalization, db | 92.4 (107.2) | 74.6 (76.7) | 100.8 (127.5) | 0.56, .57 |
| PANSS scores | ||||
| Total score | 83.9 (11.0) | 83.2 (13.9) | 84.6 (13.1) | 0.09, .91 |
| PANSS depression factor | 10.6 (3.3) | 10.7 (3.2) | 10.7 (2.8) | 0.00, 1.0 |
| Barratt Impulsiveness Scale | 67.8 (10.8) | 63.1 (10.3) | 66.7 (10.1) | 1.96, .15 |
| Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) | 22.4 (14.5) | 19.5 (11.0) | 22.8 (15.9) | 0.60, .55 |
Note: PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
aFor categorical variables, the data are presented as frequencies; for continuous variables, means and SDs are provided.
bMean length of hospitalization in days upon entry into the study.