Table 1.
Hepatic drug transporters involved in uptake and efflux and their typical anti-infective drug substrates.
| Transporter | Gene symbol | Function | Typical substrate(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| OAT2 | SLC22A7 | Uptake | Tetracycline, zidovudine |
| OCT1 | SLC22A1 | Uptake | Ganciclovir |
| MATE1 | SLC47A1 | Uptake | Cephalexin, ganciclovir |
| MATE2 | SLC47A2 | Uptake | Acyclovir, ganciclovir |
| MDR1 | ABCB1 | Efflux | Amprenavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, erythromycin, grepafloxacin, levofloxacin |
| MRP2 | ABCC1 | Efflux | Rifampicin |
| MRP4 | ABCC4 | Efflux | Lamivudine, stavudine, zidovudine |
| MRP5 | ABCC5 | Efflux | Lamivudine, stavudine, zidovudine |
Modified from Li et al. [2009].
ABC, adenosine triphosphate binding cassette; MATE, multidrug and toxin extrusion protein; MDR, multidrug resistance protein; MRP, multidrug resistance-associated protein; OAT, organic anion transporter; OCT, organic cation transporter; SLC, solute carrier cassette.