Table 1. Population estimates and enumerations of white sharks from known aggregation areas around the world.
Source | Locale | Number of Individuals | Scale | Recaptured/Marked | Life Stages | Details |
Cliff et al. [27] | Kwazulu-Natal to West Cape, South Africa | 377–2,227 (1,279) | Regional | 6/73 | All | Mixed methods, JS assumptions met |
Strong et al. [24] | Dangerous Reef/Spencer Gulf, South Australia | 37–1612 (192) | Local | 23/40 | Adult and sub-adult | Mark Recapture, JS assumptions met |
Martin [53] | Alaska, USA and British Columbia, Canada | 29 (E) | Regional | n/a | Adult and sub-adult | Direct observation |
Malcolm et al. [25] | South Australia | 2,728–13,746 | Regional to Continental | n/a | >1 year females | Deterministic minimum size model |
Blower et al. [26] | Australia | 1,512 | Continental | n/a | Adult | Genetic techniques; “effective population” size |
Nasby-Lucas and Domeier [83] | Guadalupe Island, Mexico | 142 (E) | Local | n/a | Adult and sub- adult | Photo-identification only |
Sosa-Nishizaki et al. [54] | Guadalupe Island, Mexico | 114–134 (120) | Local | 101/113 | Adult and sub-adult | Mark/Recapture with JS via Photo-identification |
Jorgensen et al. [19] | Central California, USA | 179 (E) | Local | n/a | Adult and sub-adult | Encounter data |
Chapple [84] | Central California, USA | 197–360(251) | Local | 28/131 | Adult and sub-adult | Dissertation data |
Chapple et al. [22] | Central California, USA | 130–450 (219) | Local | 38/130 | Adult and sub-adult | Mark/Recapture via Photo-identification |
Chapple et al. [22] | North Eastern Pacific | <<1100 | Regional | n/a | All | Extrapolation from local study |
Lowe et al. [68] | Southern California, USA | 112 (E) | Regional | n/a | Juvenile | Fisheries interactions since 2000 |
Towner et al. [28] | Gansbaai, South Africa | 808–1008 (908) | Local | ∼300/532 | Not reported | Mark/Recapture with JS via Photo-identification |
This study | Coastal California, USA | 2,148–2,819 (2418) | Regional | n/a | All | Demographics using Jorgensen et al. [19] and Chapple et al. [22] |
Estimates presented as 95% confidence/credible interval range (average or most probable number). Direct enumeration indicated by (E); JS indicates a Jolly-Seber based open population mark/recapture model was used; n/a = not applicable to study.