Table 2. List of Several Interesting Putative Human Targets for Select Plant miRNAs and Potential Impact of These Food-Derived Molecules on Human Organism.

Protein Name	TargetGeneSymbol	PlantmiRNA	TargetFunction	Potential BiologicalImpact of TargetGene ExpressionInhibition	Ref.
Zing fingerE-box-bindinghomeobox 1	ZEB1	ath-miR319b	Repression ofT-lymphocyte specificIL-2 gene expression	Induction of themesenchymal-to-epithelial transition incancer cell lines; Reductionof cancer cell linesaggressiveness	[40], [41]
Interleukin-1receptor-like 1	IL1RL1	ath-miR166a	Receptor of IL-33	Inhibition of the Th2-typeimmune responses;Reduction of the non-Th2-typeinflammations(e.g. allergic diseases)	[42], [43]
Interleukin-18 receptoraccessory protein	IL18RAP	ath-miR319b	Essential for IL-18binding to its receptorcomplex; IL-18-dependentactivation of NF-kappa-Band JNK	Inhibition of theTh1-mediated inflammatorypathologies	[44], [74]
Histamine H2 receptor	HRH2	zma-miR156a	Mediation of gastric acidsecretion; Regulation ofgastrointestinal motilityand intestinal secretion	Reduction of gastric acidsecretion; Reduction ofulcer incidence; Blockingthe histamine effects	[45]–[47], [75]
Poliovirus receptor-related protein 4(nectin-4)	PVRL4	ctr-miR167	Involvement in celladhesion through thetrans-homophilic and-heterophilic interactions	Blocking the Measlesvirus infection	[49]–[51]