Table 1.

Clinical and imaging characteristics of the 24 patients in the study group undergoing MR-guided prostate biopsy.

	Patient	Age (years)	PSA (ng/ mL)	Clinical history	Multiparametric MRI biopsy target(s)		MR-guided biopsy result	Most recent ultrasound- guided biopsy result	Interval between biopsies	Incremental information from MRI-guided biopsy
					Maximum diameter (mm)	Probability
SUSPECTED PROSTATE CANCER	1	58	6.0	Elevated PSA with negative prior TRUS biopsy.	15	High	Two cores. Gleason 3+4 in up to 4% of core.	Negative.	5 months	New diagnosis of Gleason 3+4 prostate cancer.
	2	59	10.8	Elevated PSA with negative prior TRUS biopsy.	15	Low	One core, benign.	Negative.	11 months	Non-contributory.
	3	69	5.8	Elevated PSA, declined TRUS biopsy.	7	High	Two cores, Gleason 3+3 in up to 45% of core.	No priors.	NA	New diagnosis of Gleason 3+3 prostate cancer.
					9	High	Two cores, Gleason 3+3 in up to 73% of core.
					5	High	Two cores, all benign.
	4	58	9.7	Elevated PSA with negative prior TRUS biopsy.	5	High	Three cores, all benign.	Negative.	2 months	Non-contributory.
	5	68	23.0	Elevated PSA with 7 prior negative TRUS biopsies.	17	High	Two cores. Gleason 4+3 in up to 100% of core.	Negative.	2 months	New diagnosis of Gleason 4+3 prostate cancer.
	6	57	6.6	Elevated PSA, declined TRUS biopsy	11	High	3 cores. Gleason 3+3 in up to 89% of core.	No priors.	NA	New diagnosis of Gleason 3+3 prostate cancer.
	7	73	18.4	Elevated PSA, declined TRUS biopsy	22	High	1 core. Gleason 4+3 in 70% of core.	No priors.	NA	New diagnosis of 4+3 prostate cancer.
KNOWN UNTREATED CANCER	8	67	32.1	Rising PSA with untreated Gleason 3+3 on biopsy 6 years before.	35	High	One core. Gleason 4+3 in 100% of core.	Gleason 3+3.	6 years	Indeterminate. Borderline upgrade from 3+4 to 4+3.
	9	57	8.3	Rising PSA with untreated Gleason 3+2 on biopsy 8 years before.	16	High	Two cores. Gleason 3+4 in up to 17% of core.	Gleason 3+2.	8 years	Upgrade from Gleason 3+2 to 3+4.
	10	68	3.9	Untreated Gleason 3+4 on biopsy 2 years before.	5	Low	One core, benign.	Gleason 3+4	7 months	Non-contributory.
	11	61	5.7	Untreated Gleason 3+3 on biopsy 1 year before.	7	Low	Two cores, both benign.	Gleason 3+3	5 months	Non-contributory.
	12	52	2.1	Untreated Gleason 3+4 on biopsy 6 months before.	8	High	Two cores, Gleason 3+4 in up to 40% of core	Gleason 3+4	3 months	Non-contributory.
					3	Low	Atypical low grade cancer in one of two cores.
	13	61	8.1	Untreated Gleason 3+3 on multiple prior biopsies	12	High	Two cores. Gleason 3+3 in up to 82% of core.	Gleason 3+3	1 day	Non-contributory.
	14	68	7.9	Untreated Gleason 3+3 on biopsy 5 years before.	5	High	One core, benign.	Gleason 3+3	5 years	Non-contributory.
	15	52	8.0	Untreated Gleason 3+3 on TRUS 6 months before.	8	High	Two cores. Gleason 4+4 in up to 20% of one.	Gleason3+3	6 months	Upgrade from Gleason 3+3 to 4+4.
	16	69	12.8	Untreated Gleason 3+3 on TRUS 6 years before.	16	High	Two cores. Gleason 3+4 in up to 80% of core.	Gleason 3+3.	3 months	Upgrade from Gleason 3+3 to 3+4.
	17	60	4.6	Untreated Gleason 3+3 on biopsy 6 month before.	5	High	3 cores. Gleason 3+3 in up to 25% of core.	Gleason 3+3.	6 months	Non-contributory.
	18	56	3.8	Untreated Gleason 3+4.	7	High	2 cores, all benign.	Gleason 3+4.	10 months	Non-contributory.
	19	56	4.3	Untreated Gleason 3+3 with TRUS 9 months prior.	9	High	2 cores. Gleason 3+4 in up to 8% of core.	Gleason 3+3.	9 months	Upgrade in Gleason from 3+3 to 3+4.
TREATED CANCER	20	68	18.6	Gleason 6 cancer on biopsy 6 years before, elevated PSA despite intermittent hormonal treatment.	10	Low	Three cores, all benign.	Gleason 3+3	6 years	Non-contributory.
	21	76	4.0	Brachytherapy 9 years before, with PSA elevation.	8	High	3 cores. Gleason 4+4 in up to 25% of core	Negative prior TRUS bx.	15 months	New Gleason 4+4 cancer recurrence.
	22	58	13.5	Gleason 3+4. Radiation and hormonal therapy 12 years before.	11	High	Two cores. Gleason 4+4 in up to 66% of core.	Negative.	6 months	New diagnosis of aggressive local recurrence.
	23	83	4.7	EBRT 1o years before. Currently on Lupron and Casodex with elevated PSA.	27	High	2 cores. Gleason 4+5 in up to 100% of core.	No priors.	10 years	New Gleason 4+5 cancer recurrence.
	24	68	5.3	Dutasteride treatment, elevated PSA.	6	High	2 cores, all benign.	Gleason 3+4 prior to treatment.	1 month	Non-contributory.