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. 2014 Jun 4;5:4043. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5043

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(a) C-[CH₂-(OCH₂CH₂)₂₉-NH₃⁺Cl⁻]₄ after heating to 38 and 47 °C, subsequent cooling and resting at room temperature for about 5 min. The growth of crystalline spherulitic domains is observed over time upon cooling below the polymer’s melting temperature. (b) I-C₁₀F_21. (c) C-[CH₂-(OCH₂CH₂)₂₉-NH₃⁺Cl⁻]₄·4 I-C₁₀F₂₁ complex at 47 °C, suggesting smectic A-type liquid crystallinity (SmA), as prepared by grinding. (d) C-[CH₂-(OCH₂CH₂)₂₉-NH₃⁺Cl⁻]₄·4 I-C₁₀F₂₁ complex after heating to 39, 48 and 54 °C, and subsequent cooling to 48 °C. The complex is prepared from isopropanol solution. Scale bars, 200 μm.