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. 2014 Jun 17;5:225. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00225

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Copyright © 2014 Biechler, Junor, Evans, Eberth, Price, Potts, Yost and Goodwin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Flow affects adhesion signaling transcript levels in outflow tract. Quantitative Real Time PCR was performed on the four culture groups and on freshly dissected outflow cushions (OFCs) at three stages in development (HH stage 25, 28, and 30). (A,B) RhoA transcript level was higher under physiological levels of flow and appears to decrease from HH stage 25 to 28 and increase from HH stage 28 to 30. (C,D) Rac transcript level was higher in the physiological sample groups (flow and no flow control) and no significant differences were seen from HH stage 25 to 30. (E,F) FAK transcript level was higher in the case of flow and no significant differences were seen from HH stage 25 to 30. (G,H) Vinculin transcript level was higher for each flow case compared to no flow controls and transcript was greater in the physiological groups compared to the pathological groups. Transcript appears to, like RhoA, decrease from HH stage 25 to 28 and increase from HH stage 28 to 30. (I,J) Paxillin transcript level decreased with no flow culture time and appears to follow the same trend as RhoA and vinculin from HH stage 25 to 30. (^*P < 0.05).