Table 1.
Defective cell death found frequently in cancers
| Defective proteins | Death type | Cells | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Survivin, Bax, APAF-1 | Apoptosis | Various cancer cells | (Basu and Haldar, 1998; Lowe and Lin, 2000; Nelson et al., 2004; Strasser et al., 2000) |
| Caspase-9s, HSPs | Apoptosis | Non-small cell lung cancer/many cancers | (Speirs et al., 2011) |
| Caspase-8 | Apoptosis | Neuroblastoma/glioblastoma multiforme | (Hurst and Welch, 2011; Martinez et al., 2007) |
| Caspase | Apoptosis | CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells | (Mohr et al., 2005) |
| FLIP | Apoptosis | Jurkat lymphoma and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines | (Zobalova et al., 2008) |
| Beclin-1 | Autophagy | Various cancer cells | (Gozuacik and Kimchi, 2004; Mizushima, 2007; Muzes and Sipos, 2012; Yang et al., 2011) |
| Atg7 | Autophagy | A549-B480 | (Shen et al., 2010) |
| PARP | Necroptosis | Various cancer cells | (Wang and Weaver, 2011) |
| HMGB1 | Necroptosis | CT-26 | (Yamazaki et al., 2014) |
| MCA205 |