Table 1.

Selected Parameters of Study Monkeys

Parameter	C Monkeys	PA Monkeys
Age/somatometric
Age (y)	24.0 ± 0.9	25.8 ± 0.7
BMI (kg/m2)	41.9 ± 2.2	38.1 ± 2.9
% Abdominal fat	48.6 ± 3.8	33.3 ± 3.1a
Subcutaneous abdominal fat (cm3)	816 ± 362	346 ± 84
Visceral fat (cm3)	1066 ± 98	630 ± 99b
Ratio sc abdominal/visceral fat	0.7 ± 0.3	0.7 ± 0.2
Metabolic physiology
Basal total FFAs (mM/L)	522 ± 84	1052 ± 380c
Area-under-the curve total FFAs (mM/L per 180 min)	75.7 ± 0.9	104.1 ± 15.2
Basal insulin (μU/mL)	52.7 ± 12.7	19.3 ± 36.7
Basal glucose (mg/dL)	57.9 ± 1.4	73.5 ± 10.2
Insulin sensitivity (SI)	1.4 ± 1.0	3.4 ± 2.7
Glycosylated hemoglobin (%)	8.0 ± 0.4	9.6 ± 1.6
Reproductive physiology
Basal T (ng/mL)	0.2 ± 0.1	0.4 ± 0.1d
% Intermittent/absent menstrual cycles	0	67e
% Polycystic ovaries	0	83f
Ratio of mRNA expression
Zfp423/C/EBPα	0.12 ± 0.01	0.35 ± 0.02g
Zfp423/PPARλ	0.40 ± 0.03	0.41 ± 0.03
Zfp423/PPARδ	0.57 ± 0.07	0.62 ± 0.02
Positive correlation with basal T levels (ng/mL)
Basal insulin (μU/mL)	r2 = 0.65, P < .029 (All female monkeys combined)
Glycosylated hemoglobin (%)	r2 = 0.62, P < .035 (All female monkeys combined)
Total FFAs (μM/L)	r2 = 0.73, P < .002 (All female monkeys combined)

Data are mean ± SEM.

^aP < .021 vs C.

^bP < .029 vs C.

^cP < .059 vs C.

^dP < .020 vs C.

^eP < .062 vs C.

^fP < .016 vs C.

^gP < .001 vs C.