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. 2014 Jun 1;4:30. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-30

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Copyright © 2014 De-Donatis et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Secondary and crystal structures of motor channels of different bacteriophages demonstrating left-handed channel wall with a twisting of 30° leftward. (A) The 3D structure of Phi29 (P04332), HK97 (Q6NFR1), SPP1 (P54309), P22 (P26744) were predicted using the program PredictProtein with default parameter (http://www.predictprotein.org), revealing the 30° left-handed regions correlated well with their respected crystal structures (PDB:Phi29-gp10, 1H5W; HK97 family-portal protein, 3KDR; SPP1-gp6, 2JES; P22-gp1, 3LJ5). The location of the 30° left-handed tilted helix in each bacteriophage connector protein subunit is framed, which all lay at the end of the α β motif. (B) The 30° tilt helix (red) is also shown in an external view in connector 3D structures of different bacteriophages, supporting the common mechanism that DNA revolves through the 30° tilted channel by an anti-chiral arrangement in dsDNA translocation.