TABLE 3.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TYPE OF DISCRIMINATION AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG LATINA/OS (weighted). NATIONAL LATINO AND ASIAN AMERICAN STUDY (NLAAS), 2002–2003.
| LATINO MEN (n=1,039) | LATINA WOMEN (n=1,236) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |
|
| ||||||||
| OR (SE) | OR (SE) | OR (SE) | OR (SE) | OR (SE) | OR (SE) | OR (SE) | OR (SE) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Alcohol Use1 | Alcohol Abuse1 | Alcohol Use1 | Alcohol Abuse1 | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| Discrimination | ||||||||
| None | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Racial | 1.51 (0.37) | 1.20 (0.41) | 5.06 (2.46) ** | 2.33 (1.25) | 1.62 (0.29) * | 1.35 (0.24) | 2.40 (1.58) | 1.14 (0.92) |
| Gender | 4.40 (5.49) | 2.88 (3.73) | 68.84 (89.91) ** | 38.85 (86.66) | 7.83 (3.61) *** | 3.20 (1.23) ** | 22.93 (18.08) *** | 3.76 (2.58) |
| SES | 2.49 (1.66) | 1.85 (1.31) | 8.94 (8.69) * | 3.77 (3.59) | 1.52 (0.52) | 1.42 (0.48) | 5.01 (4.34) | 1.96 (2.64) |
| Other | 1.26 (0.35) | 1.01 (0.35) | 5.78 (2.87) *** | 2.42 (1.35) | 3.09 (0.80) *** | 2.26 (0.57) ** | 7.98 (5.03) ** | 2.09 (1.78) |
|
| ||||||||
| Drug Use2 | Drug Abuse2 | Drug Use2 | Drug Abuse2 | |||||
|
| ||||||||
| Discrimination | ||||||||
| None | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Racial | 2.44 (0.43) *** | 1.48 (0.32) | 8.34 (4.78) *** | 3.94 (2.58) * | 2.28 (0.48) *** | 1.65 (0.46) | 2.60 (1.27) | 1.48 (0.90) |
| Gender | 0.90 (1.11) | 0.28 (0.33) | 14.21 (21.22) | 5.97 (10.09) | 6.27 (1.95) *** | 1.99 (0.82) | 8.41 (6.70) * | 5.94 (6.82) |
| SES | 2.57 (1.00) * | 1.39 (0.53) | 8.86 (8.38) * | 4.09 (4.36) | 2.20 (0.83) * | 1.58 (0.59) | 5.25 (4.08) * | 1.57 (1.33) |
| Other | 3.67 (0.84) *** | 1.71 (0.57) | 12.24 (6.48) *** | 4.19 (3.03) | 3.45 (0.55) *** | 1.71 (0.47) | 5.96 (3.11) *** | 2.10 (1.52) |
Notes:
Models used multinomial regression and adjust for Latina/o ethnicity, region, age, education, employment, income, poverty, nativity, language of interview, length of stay, age at immigration, immigrant stress, marital status, family support, neighborhood safety problem, neighborhood drug problem, social desirability, arrest and incarceration where indicated.
1
Models used no alcohol use as the base outcome;
2
Models used no drug use as the base outcome.
Length of stay, age at immigration, and acculturative stress conditionally relevant based on nativity.
*
p ≤ 0.05;
**
p ≤ 0.01
***
p ≤ 0.001