Table 3. Changes in sleep quality, depression, and hot flashes.
| Placebo | Melatonin | Total | p-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Average | S.D. | N | Average | S.D. | N | Average | S.D. | ||
| PSQI | ||||||||||
| Sleep quality | 42 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 42 | −0.4 | 0.8 | 84 | −0.1 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Sleep latency | 43 | −0.3 | 0.6 | 42 | −0.5 | 0.9 | 85 | −0.4 | 0.8 | 0.21 |
| Sleep duration | 42 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 42 | −0.3 | 0.7 | 84 | −0.1 | 0.7 | 0.03 |
| Sleep efficiency | 42 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 42 | −0.2 | 1.0 | 84 | −0.0 | 0.9 | 0.23 |
| Sleep disturbances | 43 | −0.0 | 0.3 | 43 | −0.2 | 0.5 | 86 | −0.1 | 0.5 | 0.14 |
| Medication use | 42 | −0.3 | 0.8 | 43 | −0.3 | 0.8 | 85 | −0.3 | 0.8 | 0.53 |
| Daytime dysfunction | 42 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 43 | −0.3 | 0.5 | 85 | −0.1 | 0.6 | 0.001 |
| Total PSQI Score* | 39 | −0.1 | 2.0 | 41 | −1.9 | 2.4 | 80 | −1.0 | 2.4 | 0.001 |
| CESD | 43 | −0.0 | 5.4 | 43 | −0.2 | 4.6 | 86 | −0.1 | 4.9 | 0.66 |
| Hot flashes | ||||||||||
| # Mild/day | 19 | −0.0 | 0.9 | 25 | −0.3 | 1.8 | 44 | −0.2 | 1.5 | 0.10 |
| # Moderate/day | 19 | −0.4 | 1.1 | 25 | −0.1 | 1.4 | 44 | −0.2 | 1.3 | 0.37 |
| # Severe/day | 19 | −0.2 | 0.6 | 25 | −0.3 | 1.4 | 44 | −0.2 | 1.1 | 0.43 |
| # Very severe/day | 19 | −0.0 | 0.1 | 25 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 44 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.59 |
| Total number/day | 19 | −0.6 | 1.8 | 25 | −0.6 | 2.5 | 44 | −0.6 | 2.2 | 0.28 |
| Hot flash score | 19 | −1.3 | 3.9 | 25 | −1.0 | 6.1 | 44 | −1.1 | 5.2 | 0.19 |
| Mild/day | 19 | −0.0 | 0.9 | 25 | −0.3 | 1.8 | 44 | −0.2 | 1.5 | 0.10 |
*
Variability in the number of subjects with change scores is due to missing responses to individual questions on either the baseline or four-month assessments.