Table 1. Taxonomic description of lichen species.

Dermatocarpon vellereum Zschacke (Family: Verrucariaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, foliose, umbilicate, monophyllous, leathery, upper side light brownish to brownish red, white to dark pruinose, lower side black, with dense, thick, stumpy, coralloid rhizinomorphs. Perithecia pale red; ascospores ellipsoid, 9-12×(5) 6–9 µm.

Umbilicaria vellea (L.) Ach. em. Frey (Family: Umbilicariaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, monophyllous, umbilicate, grey to blackish grey, smooth. Areolate, pruinose, lower side black, rhizomorphs dimorphic. Apothecia black, gyrodiscus, ascospores simple, colourless 8.5–13×6.8–10 µm.

Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca (Sm.) Zopf (Family: Lecanoraceae)

Thallus saxicolous, foliose, umbilicate, monophyllous or polyphyllous, monophyllous upto 3 cm across, polyphyllous with thick lobes united by a stalk at centre; lower side brown at centre, bluish black in outer part. Apothecia to 5 mm in diameter, disc orange- red to red, pruinose; ascospores 8.5–12×3.5–6 µm. Medulla K−, Pd+ yellowish. Placodialic acid was present.

Rhizoplaca melanophthalma (DC) Leuck. & Poelt (Family: Lecanoraceae)

Thallus saxicolous, peltate, monophyllous, up to 3 cm across, lobes round to crenate, lower side reddish brown. Apothecia to 3 mm in diameter, sessile, disc bluish brown to black, spores 9–11.5×5–5.5. Medulla P+ yellow, Placodialic and rarely psoromic acid were present.

Pleopsidium flavum (Bell.) Korb. (Family: Acarosporaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, marginally lobate, yellow, effigurate, ± areolate, marginal lobes of thallus rough, subconvex, scabrid and 1.5–2 mm long. Apothecia plane, solitary, to 0.1–1 mm in diameter, immersed in areolae, disc plane brown, margin thick, persistent, spores simple, hyaline, ellipsoid, 4–5×1.7–2 µm.

Xanthoparmelia mexicana (Gyeln.) Hale (Family: Parmeliaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, foliose; lobes 1.5–3 mm wide, black rimmed; upper side yellow- green, isidiate; isidia subglobose to cylindrical, simple to coralloid branched, black tipped; lower side brownish, rhizinate; medulla white.

Acarospora badiofusca (Nyl.) Th. Fr. (Family: Acarosporaceae)

Thallus wide spreading, areolate, areoles rather small, 0.5–1.5 mm wide, ± rounded, numerous, at times wavy, irregular, rarely imbricate, flat or ± convex, reddish brown, algal layer continuous. Apothecia 0.4–2 mm diameter, mostly single, rarely 2 to 4 contiguous per areoles, rounded or gyrose-contorted, sessile, thalline exiple usually distinct, ± elevated, entire, concolorous with disc, hymenium 60–75(−90) µm tall, disc flat-convex, oftened roughened, usually red brown to brown black, always darker than thallus, paraphyses 2.5–3 µm wide at base, 4–5 µm at tips, asci 200 spored, spores 3–6×1.5–2.5 µm, ellipsoid.

Xanthoria elegans (Links.) Th. Fr. (Family: Teloschistaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, foliose, suborbicular, lobes radiating, compact, convex, nodulose with densely crowded apothecia in central part, upper side orange-red to reddish brown, lower side grey, medulla white, ± hollow. Apothecia up to 1 mm in diammeter, spores 12–16 (−18)×6–8 (−10) µm with 4–5 µm thick transverse septum. Upper surface K+ purple, Pd−, C−, I−. Parietin, fallacinal, emodin, teloschistin, parietinic acid found to be present. Chemosyndrome A was also detected.

Lecanora frustulosa (Dick.) Ach. (Family: Lecanoracea)

Thallus placodioid, closely adpressed, greenish yellow to yellow brown, margin pale or whitish above, 0.3–0.7 mm wide,1.0–3.8 mm long lower surface pale brown to black. Apothecia sessile, densely aggregate in centre of the thallus, 0.4–1.8 mm diameter, spores 8 per ascus, ellipsoidal, 9.0–16.0×4.5–7.0 um. Thallus and apothecial margin K−, C−, KC+ yellowish, PD−. Usnic acid and zeorin was reported in the species.

Lobothallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Hafellner (Family: Megasporaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, crustose, whitish- grey, verrucose areolate centrally, radiating laciniae marginally, hollow. Apothecia rounded, 0.5–2.0 (−2.5) mm diameter, disc plane to slightly convex, dark brown to brown black, margin whitish, smooth, ascospores 8 per ascus, 8–12×4–8 µm. Thallus K+ yellow then red, Pd+ yellow-orange, C−, KC−. Norstictic and salazininc acids were detected.

Physconia muscigena (Ach.) Poelt. (Family: Physciaceae)

Thallus tericolous or muscicolous, to 10 cm across, lobes 1–1.5 (apically 3) mm wide; upper side brownish, lacking isidia or soredia; lower side black; rihizines squarrosely branched. Apothecia to 5 mm in diameter, ascospores 23–32 (−35)×12–16 µm.

Melanelia disjuncta Essl. (Family: Parmeliacea)

Thallus appressed, lobes flat to slightly convex or concave, contiguous, upper surface usually dark olive brown, dark brown or blackish, pseudocyphellae small, submarginal, sorediate, lower surface, moderately rhizinate. Apothecia infrequent, sessile, margin sorediate, rugose, pseudocyphellate, spores ellipsoid, 9–12.5×5–7 µm. Perlatolic and stenosporic acid were present.

Xanthoparmelia stenophylla (Ach.) Ahti & Hawksw. (Family: Parmeliaceae)

Thallus saxicolous, foliose, pulvinate, lobes sublinear, 1.2–5 mm wide, brownish at apices, secondary lobules developing at centre, often erhizinate, upper side yellow-green, lacking isidia and soredia, lower side brownish, rhizinate.

Peccania coralloides (Massal.) Massal. (Family: Lichinaceae)

Thallus fruticose, dry black, lobes erect surface smooth, cylindrical, central hyphal strand compact, photobiont a cyanobacterium. Apothecia terminal, emerging long, 0.5–1 mm in diameter, urceolate, disc concave to flat, black or dark brown, hymenium tainted, 100–120 µm high, IKI (+) blue, asci cylindrical clavate, 8 spored, from 50–70×15–22 µm, spores spherical or ellipsoidal, hyaline, 8–15×6–10 µm.