Transfer of Vernier learning after double training at the same location. A, Stimulus configuration. Double training of Vernier and orientation discrimination tasks was performed at the same location (loc1), and transfer of Vernier learning was tested at the untrained diagonal location (loc2). B, Mean session-by-session threshold analysis for Vernier learning (blue circles) and orientation learning (red diamonds). Transfer of Vernier learning was tested before and after double training (green circles). The practice of location-unspecific orientation learning piggybacked Vernier learning to the untrained location. C, MPI for Vernier learning at the trained (Loc1, blue bar) and untrained (Loc2, green bar) location. Vernier learning transferred to the untrained location (Loc2) after double training. Error bars represent within-subject SE.