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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2014 Jul;121(1):149–159. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000285

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Effects of (R,S)-ketamine, (R,S)-norketamine, (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine and methyllycaconitine with or without nicotine on the levels of phospho-active forms of mTOR, Akt, ERK1/2, p70S6K and 4E-BP1 in PC-12 cells. A, Cells were treated with (R,S)-ketamine (Ket, 1 μM), (R,S)-norketamine (NK, 10 nM), (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK, 0.1 nM) or methyllycaconitine (MLA, 50 nM) with or without nicotine (2 μM) for 1 h and then processed for Western blot analysis. A, Representative immunoblots. B–F, Scatter plots illustrating the relative ratio of phosphorylated versus total forms of mTOR (B), Akt (C), ERK1/2 (D), p70S6K (E) and 4E-BP1 (F) are shown (n= 3 independent experiments). *, **, P< 0.05, 0.01 (ANOVA) compared with control cells.