TABLE 2—
Multivariable Hierarchical Linear Models Estimating Odds of Truancy and Poor Grades, With Age and Race/Ethnicity Entered as Covariates: Pooled Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, United States, 2005-2007
| Truancy |
Poor Grades |
|||
| Variable | OR (95% CI) | Mediated Model, OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | Mediated Model, OR (95% CI) |
| Females | ||||
| Age, y | 1.03 (0.965, 1.098) | 1.04 (0.973, 1.114) | 0.87 (0.817, 0.925) | 0.87 (0.816, 0.927) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| African American | 1.64 (1.246, 2.149) | 1.41 (1.065, 1.869) | 1.97 (1.554, 2.509) | 1.82 (1.425, 2.318) |
| Hispanic | 1.87 (1.403, 2.502) | 1.35 (1.352, 2.440) | 2.48 (1.931, 3.198) | 2.41 (1.867, 3.113) |
| Asian American | 0.78 (0.548, 1.103) | 0.87 (0.610, 1.233) | 0.50 (0.344, 0.725) | 0.53 (0.365, 0.773) |
| Other | 2.66 (2.073, 3.423) | 2.26 (1.737, 2.933) | 2.03 (1.579, 2.601) | 1.78 (1.377, 2.303) |
| White (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Sexual orientation identity | ||||
| Lesbian | 2.81 (1.641, 4.825) | 1.77 (0.972, 3.218) | 3.11 (1.879, 5.133) | 2.24 (1.310, 3.820) |
| Bisexual | 2.02 (1.504, 2.708) | 1.33 (0.961, 1.838) | 2.94 (2.270, 3.797) | 2.36 (1.811, 3.092) |
| Unsure | 2.02 (1.363, 2.984) | 1.49 (0.966, 2.308) | 0.85 (0.493, 1.494) | 0.62 (0.338, 1.122) |
| Heterosexual (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Victimization | 2.54 (2.261, 2.862) | 1.94 (1.747, 2.152) | ||
| Males | ||||
| Age, y | 1.05 (0.986, 1.129) | 1.07 (0.993, 1.145) | 0.97 (0.925, 1.020) | 0.96 (0.917, 1.014) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| African American | 1.79 (1.390, 2.302) | 1.62 (1.242, 2.109) | 1.95 (1.623, 2.342) | 1.83 (1.514, 2.201) |
| Hispanic | 2.68 (2.085, 3.456) | 2.62 (2.002, 3.418) | 2.13 (1.721, 2.637) | 2.09 (1.680, 2.595) |
| Asian American | 1.92 (1.423, 2.577) | 2.09 (1.526, 2.868) | 0.60 (0.453, 0.801) | 0.62 (0.467, 0.832) |
| Other | 1.91 (1.980, 3.269) | 2.04 (1.563, 2.650) | 1.90 (1.555, 2.342) | 1.59 (1.288, 1.972) |
| White (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Sexual orientation identity | ||||
| Gay | 3.25 (2.082, 5.086) | 2.75 (1.689, 4.475) | 1.77 (1.141, 2.755) | 1.42 (0.893, 2.266) |
| Bisexual | 3.19 (2.052, 4.951) | 1.72 (1.039, 2.859) | 1.63 (1.078, 2.451) | 1.13 (0.727, 1.765) |
| Unsure | 2.84 (1.928, 4.189) | 2.28 (1.489, 3.480) | 1.18 (0.746, 1.870) | 0.97 (0.596, 1.575) |
| Heterosexual (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Victimization | 1.97 (1.838, 2.119) | 1.62 (1.535, 1.708) | ||
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. Subsequent analysis included Binge Drinking and Marijuana Use as covariates within these models, but their inclusion did not impact our results. Specifically, ORs for all models remained significant and in the same direction as the model reported here.