TABLE 1—
Sample Characteristics and Prevalence of Violent Behaviors by Demographic Characteristics and Year Among 6th through 10th Grade US Students: Health Behaviors in School-Aged Children Study, 1998–2010
| Gender, % (95% CI) |
Grade, % (95% CI) |
Race/Ethnicity, % (95% CI) |
|||||||
| Behavior and Year | Total, % (SE) | Boy | Girl | 6th–8th | 9th–10th | White | African American | Hispanic | Other |
| Total | |||||||||
| 1998 | 46.7a (44.8, 48.5) | 53.4b (51.5, 55.2) | 59.6a (54.8, 64.4) | 40.4b (35.6, 45.2) | 64.0a (59.5, 68.5) | 16.5b (13.3, 19.6) | 12.6b (10.1, 15.5) | 6.9c (5.3, 8.6) | |
| 2002 | 48.1a (47.0, 49.2) | 51.9b (50.8, 53.0) | 61.8a (57.7, 65.9) | 38.2b (34.1, 42.3) | 62.8a (58.4, 67.3) | 16.5b (12.9, 20.1) | 12.8b (10.2, 15.3) | 7.9c (6.6, 9.2) | |
| 2006 | 49.7 (48.0, 51.4) | 50.3 (48.6, 52.0) | 58.0a (52.5, 63.4) | 42.0b (36.6, 47.5) | 48.9a (42.6, 55.3) | 17.9b (12.9, 22.9) | 19.1b (15.0, 23.1) | 14.1b (10.7, 17.5) | |
| 2010 | 52.1 (50.7, 53.4) | 47.9 (46.6, 49.3) | 57.9a (53.6, 62.1) | 42.1b (37.9, 46.4) | 50.7a (44.2, 57.3) | 16.9b (12.9, 20.8) | 19.8b (14.9, 24.7) | 12.7b (10.2, 15.1) | |
| Bullying | |||||||||
| 1998 | 16.5 (0.8) | 22.7a (20.7, 24.7) | 11.2b (9.5, 12.9) | 17.8 (16.0, 19.7) | 14.5 (12.7, 16.4) | 16.7ab (14.7, 18.7) | 14.7a (12.7, 16.7) | 18.8b (16.8, 20.8) | 15.3ab (12.4, 18.3) |
| 2002 | 12.6 (0.4) | 17.1a (15.8, 18.4) | 8.6b (7.7, 9.5) | 12.8 (11.7, 14.0) | 12.2 (11.0, 13.5) | 11.8 (10.6, 13.0) | 13.9 (12.3, 15.6) | 14.4 (12.7, 16.1) | 14.3 (11.8, 16.9) |
| 2006 | 10.7 (0.5) | 12.5a (10.9, 14.1) | 8.9b (7.8, 10.0) | 11.3 (9.9, 12.6) | 9.9 (8.4, 11.4) | 9.5a (8.1, 11.1) | 13.6b (11.5, 15.6) | 11.8ab (9.8, 13.8) | 9.8ab (7.7, 12.0) |
| 2010 | 7.5 (0.5) | 9.3a (8.1, 10.5) | 5.6b (4.5, 6.8) | 7.0 (6.0, 8.1) | 8.2 (6.8, 9.5) | 6.0a (4.9, 7.2) | 10.3b (8.0, 12.6) | 8.2ab (6.7, 9.7) | 8.4ab (6.5, 10.3) |
| Victimization | |||||||||
| 1998 | 13.7 (0.7.) | 16.4a (14.3, 18.5) | 11.4b (10.2, 12.5) | 16.4a (14.5, 18.4) | 9.7b (8.6, 10.9) | 14.6a (12.8, 16.3) | 10.1b (8.5, 11.9) | 12.6ab (10.9, 14.4) | 15.9ab (11.6, 20.2) |
| 2002 | 12.2 (0.4) | 14.6a (13.6, 15.6) | 10.0b (9.0, 10.9) | 13.8a (12.9, 14.7) | 9.5b (8.4, 10.6) | 12.4 (11.7, 13.3) | 10.6 (9.2, 12.0) | 12.1 (10.4, 13.8) | 13.4 (11.0, 15.7) |
| 2006 | 10.6 (0.5) | 11.2 (9.8, 12.7) | 10.0 (8.9, 11.1) | 13.2a (12.1, 14.3) | 7.0b (5.6, 8.4) | 10.2 (8.8, 11.7) | 10.9 (8.7, 13.0) | 9.7 (8.3, 11.2) | 12.58 (10.0, 15.5) |
| 2010 | 10.2 (0.4) | 10.7 (9.6, 11.8) | 9.7 (8.7, 10.9) | 12.4a (11.2, 13.6) | 7.3b (6.8, 8.3) | 10.3 (9.2, 11.4) | 11.1 (9.23, 12.9) | 9.2 (7.4, 11.0) | 10.2 (8.0, 12.4) |
| Fighting | |||||||||
| 1998 | 23.5 (0.7) | 32.3a (30.7, 34.5) | 15.9b (14.5, 17.3) | 26.7 (24.6, 28.9) | 18.7 (17.5, 19.9) | 22.2a (20.4, 24.0) | 26.2ab (23.4, 29.1) | 26.6b (24.3, 29.0) | 22.6ab (18.1, 27.0) |
| 2002 | 20.4 (0.5) | 27.8a (26.3, 29.2) | 13.7b (12.5, 14.8) | 21.2 (20.0, 22.5) | 18.9 (17.4, 20.4) | 19.0a (17.1, 20.3) | 24.1b (22.2, 26.0) | 21.5ab (19.4, 23.6) | 21.4ab (17.9, 25.0) |
| 2006 | 18.4 (0.8) | 25.1a (23.0, 27.1) | 11.8b (10.3, 13.3) | 19.9 (18.2, 21.7) | 16.2 (14.0, 18.3) | 14.1a (12.7, 15.6) | 26.7b (23.8, 29.6) | 21.8b (19.1, 24.5) | 18.4ab (14.7, 22.1) |
| 2010 | 18.8 (0.7) | 24.8a (23.0, 26.5) | 12.4b (10.8, 14.7) | 18.5 (17.1, 19.9) | 19.3 (16.8, 21.7) | 16.4a (14.7, 18.1) | 23.0b (19.8, 26.1) | 21.6b (18.8, 24.4) | 18.7ab (15.6, 21.7) |
| Weapon carrying | |||||||||
| 1998 | 12.2 (0.6) | 19.7a (18.1, 21.3) | 6.0b (4.6, 7.3) | 12.6 (11.1, 14.1) | 11.9 (10.2, 13.5) | 10.7a (9.5, 11.9) | 13.7ab (11.2, 16.2) | 17.3b (15.1, 19.6) | 13.7ab (10.5, 16.9) |
| 2002 | 14.5 (0.7) | 23.8a (21.6, 26.0) | 6.3b (5.4, 7.2) | 14.5 (12.6, 16.4) | 14.6 (13.0, 16.2) | 14.8 (13.1, 16.5) | 13.6 (11.5, 15.7) | 14.9 (12.4, 17.4) | 13.2 (9.8, 16.7) |
| 2006 | 13.4 (0.8) | 20.8a (18.6, 23.1) | 6.3b (5.0, 7.7) | 12.9 (10.6, 15.1) | 13.9 (12.0, 15.8) | 12.6 (10.6, 14.7) | 14.6 (12.1, 17.0) | 14.6 (11.5, 17.8) | 13.6 (10.4, 16.8) |
| 2010 | 14.8 (0.8) | 22.6a (20.1, 25.1) | 6.3b (5.2, 7.4) | 13.3 (11.4, 15.2) | 16.2 (14.3, 18.1) | 15.5 (13.3, 17.8) | 13.0 (10.7, 15.3) | 14.0 (11.9, 16.2) | 15.3 (11.9, 18.7) |
Note. CI = confidence interval. Percentages are weighted. The sample sizes were n = 15 686 for 1998, n = 14 818 for 2002, n = 9227 for 2006, and n = 10 925 for 2010. Values with different superscripts are significantly different at P < .05.