TABLE 1—

Cognitively Tested Brief Gender Measures Published in Peer-Reviewed Journals

Study	Sample	Construct	Tested Measure(s)	Performance	Recommended Measure
Conron et al.59	Racially and ethnically diverse LGBT and heterosexual cisgender youths aged 15–21 y (n = 30)	Current gender identity	Sex/gender: female; male; transgender, male to female; transgender, female to male; transgender, not exclusively male or female; not sure.	Accurately discriminated between transgender and cisgender youths. Acceptable to most youths. A few transgender youths found the conflation of sex and gender in the question stem confusing. One transgender youth interpreted the question as asking about physical anatomy rather than gender identity.	Gender: female; male; transgender, male to female; transgender, female to male; transgender, do not identify as exclusively male or female; not sure.
Clark et al.60	Women aged 40–75 y who were diverse by sexual orientation (n = 40)	Current gender expression	How would you describe yourself? Would you say …” very masculine, mostly masculine, equally masculine and feminine, mostly feminine, very feminine, not sure, none of the statements describe how you think of yourself.	Respondents were unclear about whether to report how they view themselves or believe that others view them. Respondents interpreted the terms masculine and feminine variably.	A woman’s appearance, style or dress may affect the way people think of her. How do you think people describe your appearance, style or dress? Would you say … very masculine, mostly masculine, equally masculine and feminine, mostly feminine, very feminine, not sure, none of the statements describe how you think of yourself.
Wylie et al.61	Heterosexual cisgender and LGBT adults aged 18–30 y (n = 82)	Socially assigned gender expression	A person’s appearance, style or dress may affect the way people think of her or him. How do you think people describe your appearance, style or dress? Very feminine, mostly feminine, somewhat feminine, equally feminine and masculine, mostly masculine, somewhat masculine, very masculine. A person’s mannerisms (such as the way a person walks or talks) may affect the way people think of her or him. How do you think people describe your mannerisms? (Same response options.)	Measures were generally clear and acceptable to participants. Half of the sample reported variability in gender expression from day to day or setting to setting and found it difficult to select 1 response option. Cis- and transgender women, on average, reported scores on the feminine end of the bipolar scale; cis- and transgender men, on average, reported scores on the masculine end of the bipolar scale.	A person’s appearance, style, or dress may affect the way people think of them. On average, how do you think people would describe your appearance, style or dress? (Same response options.) A person’s mannerisms (such as the way a person walks or talks) may affect the way people think of them. On average, how do you think people would describe your mannerisms? (Same response options.)

Note. LGBT = lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender.