Table 4.
VAS for pain and EQ-5D values preoperatively and after 1 year, and VAS for patient satisfaction after 1 year for patients born in and outside Sweden
| Preoperatively |
1 year postoperatively |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95%CI) | p-value | Mean (95%CI) | p-value | |
| Pain VAS | ||||
| Sweden | 61 (60–61) | < 0.001 a | 14 (13–14) | < 0.001 a |
| Nordic Countries | 63 (62–64) | 0.003 b | 17 (16–18) | < 0.001 b |
| Europe | 63 (61–64) | 0.05 b | 19 (18–21) | < 0.001 b |
| Outside Europe | 66 (63–69) | 0.001 b | 23 (19–26) | < 0.001 b |
| Satisfaction VAS | ||||
| Sweden | – | – | 16 (16–17) | < 0.001 a |
| Nordic countries | – | – | 19 (17–20) | 0.008b |
| Europe | – | – | 20 (18–22) | < 0.001 b |
| Outside Europe | – | – | 24 (20–28) | < 0.001 b |
| EQ-VAS | ||||
| Sweden | 53 (52–53) | 0.002 a | 75 (75–76) | < 0.001 a |
| Nordic countries | 50 (48–52) | < 0.001 b | 73 (71–74) | 0.002 b |
| Europe | 52 (49–54) | 0.2 b | 69 (67–71) | < 0.001 b |
| Outside Europe | 53 (48–58) | 0.9 b | 69 (64–73) | 0.002 b |
| EQ-5D | ||||
| Sweden | 0.40 (0.39–0.41) | < 0.001 a | 0.78 (0.77–0.78) | < 0.001 a |
| Nordic countries | 0.36 (0.34–0.38) | < 0.001 b | 0.74 (0.72–0.76) | < 0.001 b |
| Europe | 0.33 (0.30–0.36) | < 0.001 b | 0.70 (0.67–0.72) | < 0.001 b |
| Outside Europe | 0.29 (0.23–0.36) | < 0.001 b | 0.64 (0.58–0.70) | < 0.001 b |
a All groups (ANOVA).
b Born in Sweden vs. immigrant groups (Student’s t-test).