Table 1.

SNPs associated with organ dysfunction in humans fed a low-choline diet

Group and gene	SNP	P		Direction of effect
		Raw	Adjusted
Women, n = 53
PEMT	rs12325817, G→C	0.0003	0.0074	Increased
PEMT	rs4646343, C→A	0.0004	0.0074	Increased
CHKA	rs7928739, A→C	0.0005	0.0074	Decreaseda
CHKA	rs10791957, A→C	0.0006	0.0074	Decreaseda
CHKA	rs2512612, A→G	0.0009	0.0096	Decreaseda
PEMT	rs3760188, G→A	0.0047	0.0416	Increased
Postmenopausal women, n = 26
PEMT	rs12325817, G→C	0.0006	0.0312	Increased
PEMT	rs3760188, G→A	0.0019	0.0312	Increased
PEMT	rs4646343, C→A	0.0019	0.0312	Increased
CHKA	rs6591331, A→T	0.0034	0.0312	Increasedb
PEMT	rs1531100, G→A	0.0035	0.0312	Increased
PEMT	rs4646365, G→A	0.0035	0.0312	Increased

Effect alleles for SNPs listed have a raw value of P < 0.05. Statistical correction for multiple testing is described in Materials and Methods. For the SNP, the arrow points to the allele for which there is an effect (increased or decreased risk of developing organ dysfunction when fed a low choline diet).

^aOnly homogyzous carriers of the effect allele for SNP were protected from choline deficiency.

^bThere was only 1 TT in this group, so a larger sample size is needed to confirm this finding.