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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2008 Jan-Feb;17(1 0):108S–113S. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2007.08.004

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Rat passive shoulder mechanics device with the sensor assembly (A), pivoting axle (B) and arm clamp (C) as well as axis of rotation noted. (note: forward flexion in the rat is equivalent to scapular plane elevation in humans.)