Table 3.
Associations of recurrent headache and headache diagnoses with symptoms of anxiety and depression and behavioral problems among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years
|
Recurrent headache |
Migraine |
Tension-type headache |
Non-classifiable headache |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(yes = 889, no =2029) |
(yes = 207, no = 2029) |
(yes = 518, no = 2029) |
(yes = 164, no = 2029) |
|||||
| OR (95% CI) | p -value | OR (95% CI) | p -value | OR (95% CI) | p -value | OR (95% CI) | p -value | |
|
Step 1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Symptoms of anxiety and depression |
1.84 (1.58-2.15) |
<0.001 |
2.12 (1.65-2.72) |
<0.001 |
1.77 (1.48-2.13) |
<0.001 |
1.56 (1.16-2.10) |
0.003 |
|
Step 2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Symptoms of anxiety and depression |
1.65 (1.40-1.93) |
<0.001 |
1.78 (1.36-2.33) |
<0.001 |
1.67 (1.37-2.04) |
<0.001 |
1.30 (0.95-1.78) |
ns |
| Attention difficulties |
1.30 (1.14-1.48) |
<0.001 |
1.51 (1.20-1.90) |
<0.001 |
1.15 (0.98-1.35) |
ns |
1.53 (1.20-1.96) |
0.001 |
|
Step 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Symptoms of anxiety and depression |
1.64 (1.39-1.93) |
<0.001 |
1.77 (1.35-2.32) |
<0.001 |
1.67 (1.40-2.03) |
<0.001 |
1.27 (0.92-1.74) |
ns |
| Attention difficulties |
1.25 (1.09-1.44) |
0.001 |
1.47 (1.17-1.89) |
0.001 |
1.12 (0.95-1.32) |
ns |
1.39 (1.07-1.81) |
0.015 |
| Conduct difficulties | 1.21 (0.97-1.53) | ns | 1.07 (0.72-1.62) | ns | 1.14 (0.86-1.54) | ns | 1.54 (1.03-2.3) | 0.036 |
Abbreviations:OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval; ns non significant.
All analyses are adjusted for sex and single parenthood.