Table 1.
Selected cohort characteristics for women exposed to SSRIs during the first trimester and women not exposed to antidepressants; overall unadjusted and depression restricted adjusted. Medicaid Analytic eXtract, 2000–2007.
| Characteristic | Overall cohort, unadjusted | Depression restricted cohort, Accounting for PS strata(1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSRI | Unexposed | SSRI | Unexposed | |
| N | 46,144 | 885,115 | 36,778 | 180,564 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 25.6 (5.9) | 23.9 (5.8) | 25.5 (6.0) | 25.3 (53.1) |
| Race, N (%) | ||||
| White | 34,098 (73. 9) | 339,144 (38.3) | 27,299 (74.2) | 136,506 (75.6) |
| Black | 5,438 (11. 8) | 313,369 (35.4) | 4,193 (11.4) | 19,380 (10.7) |
| Hispanic | 4,145 (9.0) | 164,317 (18. 6) | 3,261 (8.9) | 15,017 (8.3) |
| Other or unknown | 2,463 (5.3) | 68,285 (7.7) | 2,025 (5.5) | 9,661 (5.4) |
| Preterm birth(2), N (%) | 6,470 (14.0) | 98,886 (11.2) | 5,250 (14.3) | 25,299 (14.0) |
| Diabetes | 1,288 (2.8) | 10,628 (1.2) | 997 (2.7) | 4,957 (2.8) |
| Antidiabetics | 1,682 (3.7) | 15,364 (1.7) | 1,303 (3.5) | 6,449 (3.6) |
| Depression | 36,783 (79.7) | 180,564 (20.4) | 36,778 (100.0) | 180,564 (100.0) |
| Proxies for depression severity, mean (SD) | ||||
| Number of outpatient depression diagnoses | 2.8 (6.5) | 0.2 (2.0) | 3.5 (7.1) | 3.3 (20.3) |
| Number of inpatient depression diagnoses | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.1 (1.0) |
| Other psychotropic medications, N (%) | ||||
| Anticonvulsants | 7,353 (15.9) | 31,681 (3.6) | 6,654 (18.1) | 33,599 (18.6) |
| Antipsychotics | 9,534 (20.7) | 48,657 (5.5) | 8,621 (23.4) | 42,987 (23.8) |
| Anxiolytics | 3,148 (6.8) | 8,189 (0.9) | 2,895 (7.9) | 14,320 (7.9) |
| Benzodiazepines | 14,560 (31.6) | 49,063 (5.5) | 12,856 (35.0) | 63,100 (35.0) |
| Other hypnotics | 13,277 (28.8) | 115,608 (13.1) | 11,540 (31.4) | 56,323 (31.2) |
| Barbiturates | 3,764 (8.2) | 26,030 (2.9) | 3,097 (8.4) | 15,756 (8.7) |
| Suspected teratogens(3) | 3,508 (7.6) | 26,967 (3.1) | 2,806 (7.6) | 14,345 (7.9) |
(1)
To account for PS, the untreated observations were weighted using the distribution of the treated among PS strata
(2)
Relates to current pregnancy
(3)
Pregnancies with exposure to known teratogens were removed from the cohort. Suspected teratogens include: angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, fluconazole, aminoglycosides, folic acid antagonists, methimazole, potassium iodide, tetracycline, danazol, misoprostol, statins, coumadin, and propylthiouracil.