Table 7.
Familial and genetic studies of SCFE.
| Study | Year | Type of series | Number of cases | % familial incidence | Postulated inheritance | HLA Phenotype |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thrap-Meyer [64] | 1940 | Case report | Father and son | — | — | — |
| Irwin [65] | 1946 | Case report | Father and 2 twin sons | — | — | — |
| Smith [66] | 1955 | Case report | 2 brothers | — | — | — |
| Wilson et al. [67] | 1965 | Case series | 12 of 240 cases | 5% | — | — |
| Rennie [68] | 1967 | Case reports | 12 children, 8 different families | 7% | Recessive with low penetrance | — |
| Ochsner et al. [69] | 1977 | Case report | 10 members of one family | — | Autosomal dominant with variable penetrance | — |
| Gorin [70] | 1977 | Case report | Identical twins | — | — | |
| Rennie [71] | 1982 | Retrospective review | 214 | 14.5% | Autosomal dominant with variable penetrance | — |
| 18.8% for osteoarthritis | ||||||
| Hägglund et al. [72] | 1986 | Consecutive case series | 50 (40 families) | 8.1% in 1st degree relatives | — | — |
| Hägglund and Hansson [73] | 1986 | Case report, 3 generations | 3 cases, 1 family | — | Autosomal dominant with variable penetrance | — |
| Gajraj [74] | 1986 | Case report, identical twins | 1 family, identical twins | — | — | A11, B12 |
| Mullaji et al. [75] | 1993 | HLA testing of SCFE patients | 30 patients | — | — | B27 in 20%, > than in controls |
| Montskó and de Jonge [76] | 1995 | Case report | 1 family father and 5 siblings (3 M, 2 F) | — | — | — |
| Moreira et al. [77] | 1998 | Case report | 1 family, 4 cases | — | Autosomal dominant | — |
| Diwan et al. [78] | 1998 | Case report | 1 family, 2 generations | — | — | — |
| Bednarz and Stanitski [79] | 1998 | Case report | Identical twins | — | — | Twin 1: A2, 26, B51, 60, Bw4/6 |
| Twin 2:A2,24, B51/60, Bw4/6 | ||||||
| Allen and Calvert [80] | 1990 | Case report | Identical twins | — | — | A2, B12 |
| Günal and Ateş [81] | 1997 | Case series | 6 patients | — | — | DR4 common to all; no other common phenotypes |
| Wong-Chung et al. [82] | 2000 | Random case series | 7 cases, 6 M, 1 F | 2 were brothers | — | No common phenotypes |
| Siemon et al. [83] | 2001 | Case report | Identical twins | 2 brothers | — | A2 |
| Loder et al. [84] | 2005 | Case series | 9 cases—Amish | 39% | — | |
| Sebastianowicz et al. [85] | 2005 | Case report | Identical twins | 2 brothers | — | — |
| Flores et al. [86] | 2006 | Case report | Identical twins | — | — | A2, 23 (9), B44 (12), 38 (16) Bw4 Cw4, 12 DR103, DQ5 (1) |
| Lim et al. [87] | 2007 | Case report | Two brothers | — | Multifactorial | — |